Gluteal Region

Sciatic Foramen

Greater Sciatic Foramen

Lesser Sciatic Foramen

greater Sciatic Foramen borders

Superior: Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament

Posteromedial: Sacrotuberous ligament

Anterolateral: Greater sciatic notch of the ilium

Inferior: sacrospinous ligament

Sciatic Foramen contents

Structures entering or leaving including piriformis

Content Above Piriformis

Superior gluteal artery and vein 

Superior Gluteal Nerve

Content Below Piriformis

Sciatic Nerve

Pudendal Nerve

Inferior Gluteal artery

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Nerve to obturator internus

Nerve to quadratus femoris

Lesser Sciatic Foramen Borders

Superior: Sacrospinous Ligament

Anterior: Ischial Spine

Posterior: Sacrotuberous Ligament

Lesser Sciatic Foramen Content

Internal pudendal artery and vein

Pudendal nerve

Muscles of Gluteal Region

Superficial Group: Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius,gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae lotae

Deep Group: Piriformis, obturator internus, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris

Gluteus maximus

O- Posterior Ilium to poterior gluteal line

Ins- Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Inn- Inferior gluteal nerve

A- Extension of Hip, Lateral rotation of hip

Gluteus Medius

O- External surface of ilium

Ins-  Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Inn- Superior Gluteal nerve

A- Together: Hip Abduction, maintenance of pelvis level when unilateral stands.

Middle portion: Abduction

Anterior: Hip Flexion, internal rotation

External : Hip extension, external rotation

Gluteus Minimus

O- External border of ilium

Ins- Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Inn- Superior gluteal nerve

A- Hip Abduction, maintenance of pelvis level on unilateral stance, medial rotation of hip

Tensor Fasciae Latae

O- Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion- Iliotibial tract

Inn- Superior Gluteal Nerve

A- Hip flexion, hip abduction, medial rotation of hip