Wound healing

hemostasis

inflammation

proliferation

remodeling

what are the 4 stages of wound healing?

Platelets → clot formation, fibrin scaffold

event in hemostasis of wound

inflammation

days 1-3 of wound healing include

Neutrophils → macrophages, debris cleanup

what occurs in the inflammation phas of wound healing?

proliferation

days 3-21 of wound healing consists of

Fibroblasts, collagen III, angiogenesis, granulation tissue

key elements in the proliferation process of wound healing

Collagen III → collagen I

what increases tensile strength in wound healing?

macrophages

considered the master regulator of healing

-replaces neutrophils after initial phase

Phagocytose debris + bacteria

-release growth factors

Fibroblast activation

Angiogenesis

Collagen deposition

role of macrophages in wound healing

Type III collagen (weak, disorganized)

collagen type early in wound healing

type III is replaced by Type I collagen (stronger)

collagen type later in wound healing

vitamin C

what vitamin is required for collagen synthesis?

wound dehiscence

complication of poor collagen in wound healing

Infection ⭐ (most important)

Poor blood supply (ischemia)

Foreign bodies

local factors inhibiting wound healing

Diabetes mellitus ⭐

Malnutrition (↓ protein, vitamin C, zinc)

Smoking (vasoconstriction)

Steroids (↓ inflammation)

Age

Immunosuppression

systemic factors that may inhibit wound healing

Excess collagen deposition extending beyond wound borders

define keloids

Chest, shoulders, earlobes

areas at increased risk for keloids

intralesional steroids

-surgery if high recurrence

first line treatment for keloids

Maintains moist environment ⭐

Absorbs excess exudate

Protects from infection

Allows gas exchange

key characteristics of an ideal wound dressing

1. debridement (remove necrotic tissue)

2. infection control

3. MOIST wound care

4. offloading

5. advanced therapies

what is the stepwise approach to treatment of chronic open wounds?

negative pressure wound therapy

activity that promotes wound healing and wound closure through the application of uniform negative pressure on the wound bed, reduction in bacteria in the wound, and the removal of excess wound fluid

Scarless healing

Minimal inflammation

unique feature of fetal wound healing

infection

what is the number one inhibitor of wound healing?