IB Digital Society D-F

Data

Raw and unorganised facts and figures, which may be in the form of numbers, letters, characters or images.

Data broker

A company that collects and stores information about users and sells it on to companies or advertisers.

Data deletion

the sending of the file to the recycle bin, which removes the file icon and pathway of its location.

Data compression

Is a process that reduces the size of a file by re-encoding it to use fewer bits of storage than the original file.

Data erasure

The destruction of data at the end of the data life cycle.

Data integrity

Refers to the trustworthiness of the data and whether it has been compromised.

Data masking

The process of replacing confidential data with functional fictitious data, ultimately anonymising the data.

Data matching

The process of comparing two different sets of data with the aim of finding data about the same entity.

Data mining

The process of finding patterns and correlations, as well as anomalies, within large sets of data.

Data privacy

The ability for individuals to control their personal information.

Data reliability

Refers to data that is complete and accurate.

Data visualisation

The process of converting large sets of data into charts, graphs or other visual presentations.

Deep fake

Synthetic media created with the use of deep learning artificial intelligence.

Demographic components

Statistical data points that are used to characterise or label groups of people.

Digital

Discrete signals with a finite set of values.

Digital activism

Activism that uses the internet and digital media as key platforms for mass mobilisation and political action.

Digital citizenship

The responsible use of digital technology.

Digital divide

The gaps between members of society who have uneven access to computers or the internet, and those who do have access.

Digital health care records

Online databases that store patient information.

Digital literacy

The ability to use various digital platforms.

Digital media

Video, audio, images and other content that is created, encoded and stored before sharing to the user(s).

Digital medication

Prescription medicine that contain an ingestible sensor; also known as 'smart pills'.

Digital nomad

A person who works remotely and is not tied down to any particular location.

Digital pedagogies

Approaches to teaching that integrate digital tools into the learning environment.

Digital preservation

The process of ensuring that source material is stored and accessible in a digital format regardless of technological changes that may take place over time.

Digital redlining

The systemic denial of digital services to specific communities.

Digital revolution

The advancement of technology from analogue electronic and mechanical devices to digital.

Digital surveillance

The collection of data about a person's online communications, connections, finances and other available information.

Digital warfare

the use of digital technology to disrupt or impact vital computer and warfare systems.

Digitalisation

The use of digital systems to change the structure and/or operation of a business, institution or organisation.

Digitisation

Changing analogue data and information to digital.

Disability

A conditions that limits a person's movement or senses.

Discriminate

The unjust treatment of people based on gender, social identity, race or disability.

Disinformation

False information that is deliberately created and spread with the intent of influencing public opinion or obscuring the truth.

Distribution

The movement of products from farmers and growers to customers.

Distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks

Overwhelming a site or service so that it is not available to its intended users.

Diversification

When a business enters into a new market or industry.

Diversity

In business, this refers to the inclusion of people from a range of demographic indicators.

Domain name server (DNS)

A server that translates domain names into IP addresses.

Domain-specific Al

Artificial intelligence that perform tasks better than humans in certain domains.

Dominant culture

A culture that has established its own norms and values as the standard for the entire group.

Doxing

The publication of personal and/or private information such as addresses, phone numbers and photos.

Drone

A remote controlled or autonomous flying robot.

Echo chamber

An environment in which people only hear beliefs and opinions that echo their own.

E-commerce

The buying and selling of goods and services online.

Ecosystem

A community of living organisms and the physical environment that they live in.

Electronic voting system

A digital system designed to count votes the moment they are cast.

Embedded computer

A combination of hardware and software designed to perform a specific task and incorporated into an electronic or mechanical system.

Encryption

The process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorised access.

Encoding

The process of converting the media into a computer-readable format.

End effector

A mechanical or electromechanical peripheral device that can be used to grip objects.

Ergonomic design

Designing workplaces, products and systems so that they meet the physical and emotional needs of the user.

Ethnicity

The cultural expression and identity shared by people with a common racial, national, religious, or any other identity marker.

E-trading

The trading of financial products, such as stocks, bonds or other assets, online.

E-waste service

A business that collects obsolete electronic devices and sorts them into recyclable and non-recyclable elements.

E-waste

Discarded electronic and electrical devices.

Exoskeleton

A wearable robotic tool that supports/ strengthens the human body.

Expert system

A computer system that acts like a human expert in a specific subject area.

Fake news

False or misleading information presented as news.

False positive

A test result that incorrectly suggests a condition is present.

Filter bubble

When information only comes from a narrow range of sources dues to algorithms designed to personalize your online experience.

Firewall

Hardware or software designed to block unauthorised access to a network by inspecting incoming and outgoing network traffic.

Flowchart

A visual representation of an algorithm showing an overview from start to end.

Fluidity

The ease with which people can join/leave digital subcultures.

Food security

Reliable access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritious and food.

Form

The physical nature of a work of art, for example painting, graphic design, sculpture, literature, film, music, theatre, fashion and architecture.

Forum

Online discussion sites that allow users to post and reply to messages.

Functional competencies

The knowledge required to do a job well.