biotech I

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Description and Tags

51 Terms

1

EFB

european federation of biotechnology

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2

the technique to alter the chemistry of genetic material to introduce these into host organism and thus change the phenotype of the host organism

genetic engineering

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3

chromosome has a specific DNA sequence called ____ which is responsible for initiation of replication

origin of replication

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4

1st recombinant is formed by the native plasmid of _____

salmonella typhimurium

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5

scientist who performed 1st genetic engineering

stanley cohen, herbert boyer

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6

in which year 1st genetic engineering was done

1973

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7

the linking of DNA with antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector became possible because of

DNA ligase

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8

bacterium closely related to salmonella

E.coli

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9

enzyme responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in E.coli

restriction endonuclease

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10

1st restriction endonuclease

Hind II

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11

Hind II has recognition site of __ bp

6

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12

about more than___ restriction enzyme are discovered

900

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13

the restriction enzymes isolated from over ____ strains of bacteria

230

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14

in EcoRI, R represents

name of strain

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15

in EcoRI, I represents

order of isolation

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16

Restriction endonuclease breaks the two strands of double helix at point

sugar phosphate backbone

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17

the restriction endonuclease recognise a specific

Palindromic nucleotide sequence

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18

fragments of DNA formed by restriction endonuclease is separated by

gel electrophoresis

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19

the most commonly used matrix in gel electrophoresis is

agarose

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20

the separated DNA fragments can be visualised after staining it with

ethidium bromide in UV light

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21

the process of cutting of desired DNA fragment from agarose is called

elution

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22

______ have a very high copy number of their genome

bacteriophage

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23

sequence from where replication starts and any piece of DNA is linked to this sequence can be made to replicate within the host cells

origin of replication

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24

helps in identifying and eliminating non transformants and selectively permit growth of transformants

selectable marker

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25

which organism naturally doesn’t have antibiotic resistance genes

E.coli

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26

non recombinant DNA in presence of chromogenic substrate

blue

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27

recombinant DNA in presence of chromogenic substrate

white

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28

which pathogen can deliver a piece of DNA to several dicot plants and transform it into tumour cell

agrobacterium tumefaciens

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29

DNA is a

hydrophilic molecule

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30

transfer of rDNA in animals

micro-injection

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31

transfer of rDNA in plants

gene gun

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32

in which method cells are bombarded with high velocity of microparticles of gold and tungsten coated with DNA in a method known as

gene gun

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33

enzyme to digest bacterial cell wall

lysozyme

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34

enzyme to digest fungal cell wall

chitinase

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35

enzyme to digest plant cell wall

cellulase

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36

the DNA that is precipitated out after adding chilled ethanol is removed by

spooling

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37

PCR full form

polymerase chain reaction

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38

It involves heating the DNA to around 94-98 degrees Celsius. This high temperature causes the double-stranded DNA to "denature" or separate into two single strands, making them accessible for primer binding

denaturation

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39

It involves cooling the reaction mixture to around 50-65 degrees Celsius. During this phase, short DNA primers bind to their complementary sequences on the single-stranded DNA templates

annealing

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40

the temperature is raised to about 72 degrees Celsius. Here, a heat-stable enzyme adds nucleotides to the primed DNA strand, synthesizing a new strand complementary to the template. It extends from the primers, effectively duplicating the DNA

extension

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41

the enzyme used in the process of extension

taq polymerase

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42

enzyme taq polymerase is obtained from

thermus aquaticus

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43

to express a gene from a different species, often for research or biotechnological purposes is called

heterologous host

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44

_____ type of culture method produces large biomass of desired product

Continuous culture system

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45
<p>which type of stirrer is this</p>

which type of stirrer is this

simple stirrer tank

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46
<p>which type of stirrer is this</p>

which type of stirrer is this

sparged tank bioreactor

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47

which type of tank has usually cylindrical base or curved base to facilitate the mixing

simple stirred tank

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48

which tank facilitates even mixing and oxygen availability throughout the reactor

simple stirrer tank

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49

which type of tank has agitator system, oxygen delivery system, and foam control system, temperature control and pH control system

sparged tank bioreactor

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50

which type of tank has sampling ports

sparged tank bioreactor

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51

downstream processing include

separation and filtration

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