ap euro hiemler unit 1 full video (things i don't remember) - FLASHCARDS

henry 8th

• he had many wives, including Anne Boleyn, whom he famously had executed.

• he created the church of england which was a separation of the catholic church.

• He is also known for his role in the English Reformation, which marked a significant shift in religious practices and powers.

bloody mary

henry the 8ths daughter who earned her nickname due to her persecution of protestants during her reign.

elizabeth I

she ruled after bloody mary, she put england back towards the Anglican church

• she had the active uniformity pass which said that people in England had to attend the Anglican church once a week

reconquista

when ferdinand and Isabella kicked out the jews out of the iberian peninsula.

spanish inquisition

a religious court established to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in Spain, known for its trials and persecution of heretics, including Jews and converted Muslims.

concordat of bolonga

pope gets income from the french catholic church and France is able to appoint french bishops

→ gives more power to the king

peace of augsberg

gave the rulers in the hold roman empire to decide if their subjects were lutheran or catholic

medici family

created the banking industry italy → incresed polical pwr

lorenzo medici

patron or art to ppl like michelangelo

why did ppl go out exploring

GOLD, GOD AND GLORY

jesuits

christian missionaries that spread christianity…this became popular in spain

mercantalism

max exports and minimizing imports

colbert

countries wealth should serve the state..created polices for the french to minimize imports

important tech that was created during the age of exploration

• caravel ships

• lateen sails

• compass

• astolabe

what was at stake?

balance of power

what was exchanged from AMERICA to EUROPE

tomatoes and potatoes

what was exchanged from EUROPE to AMERICA

(rice, wheat, soybeans) → grain products led to a longer lifespan for the natives/ppl in the americas

what help were the horses during the columbian exchange

they helped with farming

enconmienda system

natives that lived on a land that had to do unpaid labor. → requerimiento: outlined what the expectations for the enconmienda was.

what two items became rly popular

sugar and coffee

middle passage

trip to the americas (BAD CONDITIONS, TIGHT SPACING IN THE SHIPS)

money economy

using cash.. banking in states like genoa

joint stock company

investors bought stock

→ dutch east india company

crop roatation

helped keep the crops fresh and not dry

(three field rotation)

price rev

CAUSE OF THE COMMERCIAL REV… where an increase in the money supply and the influx of gold and silver from the new world led to inflation and a shift in economic power.

enclosure rev

the process of consolidating small landholdings into larger farms, common in england during the 18th century, which led to increased agricultural efficiency but also displaced many rural workers.

→ led to urbanization