NUR 340B Comprehensive Review - Foundations of Professional Nursing

Vocabulary flashcards covering Nursing History, Nursing Process, Personal Hygiene, Mobility, Therapeutic Communication, Cultural Competency, Safety, and Infection Control.

Florence Nightingale

Nursing's first scientist-theorist and nurse researcher (1820–1910) who improved standards of care for war casualties during the Crimean War and authored 'Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not'.

Clara Barton

A volunteer nurse during the American Civil War (1821–1912) who established the American Red Cross.

Mary Mahoney

The first African American professional nurse (1845–1926) who worked continuously for acceptance and equal opportunity in nursing.

Mary Breckinridge

Nurse leader (1881–1965) who founded the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) in rural United States and created one of the first midwifery training schools in the country.

Luther Christman

An influential male nursing leader who experienced gender discrimination, became the first male dean at a university school of nursing, and helped advocate for men in nursing.

American Nurses Association (ANA)

A professional organization dedicated to advancing and protecting the nursing profession by establishing standards of practice and promoting the rights and welfare of nurses.

Kentucky Board of Nursing (KBN)

A state agency of the Commonwealth of Kentucky governed by the Nurse Practice Act that protects public health and welfare by regulating nursing practice and approving nursing education programs.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

An agency of the U.S. Department of Labor that enforces regulations to protect healthcare workers from occupational injuries, including mandated bloodborne pathogen protections and hepatitis B vaccine availability.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Federal legislation enacted to protect patient privacy by restricting access and safeguarding individually identifiable health records across clinical, pharmaceutical, laboratory, and billing entities.

The Nursing Process

A systematic, rational, cyclical, and client-centered method of planning and providing care comprising five overlapping phases: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.

Subjective Data

Covert data or symptoms that are apparent only to the individual affected and can only be described by that person, including feelings, sensations, beliefs, and perceptions.

Objective Data

Overt data or physical signs detectable by an observer that can be measured or tested against established standards using observation, physical examination, or diagnostic tests.

Actual Diagnosis

A type of NANDA nursing diagnosis indicating a client problem that is present at the time of assessment and supported by specific signs and symptoms.

Risk Nursing Diagnosis

A NANDA diagnostic category indicating a clinical judgment that a problem does not currently exist, but specific risk factors are present that increase client vulnerability.

PES Format

A three-part structure for nursing diagnostic statements consisting of Problem (P), Etiology (E), and Signs and Symptoms (S).

Personal Hygiene

Self-care activities by which individuals attend to functions such as bathing, toileting, body hygiene, and grooming to maintain physical and psychological well-being.

Complete Bed Bath

A category of bath in which the nurse washes the entire body of a completely dependent client in bed.

Partial Bath

A bath in which only parts of the body that cause odor or discomfort if neglected are washed, performed for dependent clients or assisted for bed-bound clients.

Sitz Bath

A therapeutic bath in which a client sits in warm water to soothe and heal the perineal area.

Sebum

An oily substance secreted by skin glands that softens and lubricates hair and skin, retains moisture, and provides bactericidal protection.

Abrasion

A skin lesion caused by superficial layers being scraped or rubbed away, characterized by redness and potential localized bleeding or serous weeping.

Erythema

Redness of the skin associated with conditions such as rashes, sun exposure, or elevated body temperature.

Mobility

The ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully throughout the environment.

Nonverbal Communication

Forms of expression using gestures, facial expressions, body touch, and physical posture, which constitute the majority of human communication.

SBAR Model

A standardized interprofessional communication technique between healthcare providers structuring information into Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation.

4 C's of Cultural Assessment

A client-centered assessment framework exploring cultural health beliefs through four questions: Call, Cope, Concerns, and Cause.

Transgender

An umbrella term describing individuals who self-identify as the opposite gender or a gender that differs from their assigned biological sex.

Physical Restraint

Any manual method, mechanical device, or material attached to or adjacent to a client's body that immobilizes or restricts freedom of movement.

Nosocomial Infection

An infection that originates within a healthcare facility, developing during hospitalization or manifesting after discharge.

Leukocytosis

An elevated white blood cell count in the blood, caused by the bone marrow producing and releasing large numbers of leukocytes in response to inflammation or infection.

Standard Precautions

The primary tier of infection prevention applied to all clients, based on the premise that blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes may harbor infectious pathogens.

Medical Asepsis

Clean technique encompassing procedures like hand hygiene and wearing gloves to reduce the number and prevent the spread of microorganisms.

Surgical Asepsis

Sterile technique designed to completely eliminate all microorganisms from an object or area during invasive procedures.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Specialized clothing or equipment worn by healthcare personnel, such as gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection, to protect against infectious materials.