chapter 10 part 3 - equilibrium

What is the equilibrium complex called

Vestibular apparatus

areas of vestibular apparatus and which acceleration they measure

Utricle (horizontal), saccule (vertical), simicircular canals (rotational)

Vestibular apparatus layers and fluid

Bony labyrinth and perilymph surrounding a membranous labyrinth with endolymph in it

Sensory cells of vestibular apparatus

Vestibular hairs with 20-50 steriocilia and one kinocelium

How do sensory hair cells in vestibular apparatus function

When steriocilia bend towards kinocilium, K+ channels open and depolarizes the cell vs when steriocilia bends away from kinocilium, the cell hyperpolarizes

Where are steriocilia located in vestibular apparatus

Embedded in gelatinous otolithic membrane inside of macula

What are calcium carbonate crystals in canals called

otoliths

Semicircular canals structure

Each canal has a semicircular duct filled with endolymph, at the base of each duct is an ampulla, hair cells are embedded in crista ampullaris with steriocilia stuck into a gelatinous cupula

how does semicircular canals detect acceleration

Rotation makes endolymph circulate which pushes cupula and bends steriocilia, this opens mechanosensory ion channels, then K+ comes in from endolymph and depolarizes cell

Jerky eye movement from spinning

Vestibular nystagmus

Loss of equilibrium

Vertigo