Health ethics exam 1

ethics

the branch of philosophy that seeks to understand the nature, purpose, justification, and foundational principles of moral rules and systms they comprimes

microethics

involves an individuals view of what is right and wrong based on ones personal life teachings traditions and experiences

macroethics

involves more global view of right and wrong

bioethics

adresses a diversity of issues that include the nature of life and death, what sort of life is worth living, how we distinguish between assisted suicide and murder, how we should treat people who are especially vulnerable and the responsibility that we have towards other human beings

morality

discribes a class of rules held by socity to govern the conduct of its individual members

moral judgement

those judgements concerned with what an indvidual or grouup belives to be the right or proper behavior in a given situation

moral delemmas

in the healthcare setting these often arise when values rights and loyalties conflict

ethical theories

introduces order into the way people think about life

metaethics

the study of the orgin and meaning of ethical concepts

normative ethics

that branch of moral philosophy or ethics dealing with what actions are morally right and wrong

descriptive ethics

comparative ethics, it is the study of what people belive t o be right and wrong and why they belive it

applied ethics

the philosophical search for right and wrong within controversial scenarios

consequential theory

emphasizes that morally right action is whatever action leads to maximum balance of good and evil

deontological ethics

focuses on ones duties to others. it includes telling the truth and keeping your promises. deontology is an ethical and moral code of rules

non-consequential ethics

denies that the consequences of an action are the only criteria for criteria for determining the morality of an action

ethical relativism

the theory of ethical relativism holds that morality is relative to the norms of the culture where one lives

ethical principles

universal rules of conduct derived from ethical theories that provide a practical basis for identifying what kinds of actions intentions and otives are valued.

autonomy

the principle of autonomy involves recognizing the right of a person to make one’s. own life decisions

beneficence

describes the principle of doing good, demonstrating kindness , showing compassion and helping others. In a healthcare setting, caregivers demonstrate benficence by providing benefits and balancing benefits against risks

paternalism

a form of benefice. people sometimes believe that they know what is best for another and make decisions that they believe are in that person’s best interests

initation CPR

cpr started before arriving of ems

facility cpr policy

no cpr will be admistured at a facility

surveyor implication

when surveyors override facility policy to initate cpr at a facility

medical paternalism

involves physicians unwittingly making decisions for patients who are capable of making their own choices

employment related paternalism

a shared and cooperative style of management in which the employer recognizes and considers employee rights when making decisions in the workplaces

justice

the obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits and risks

distributive justice

a principle requariring that all persons be treated equally and fairly

values

standars of conduct. they are used for judging the goodness or badness of some action

moral value

the relative worth places some vitreous behaviors

intrinsic value

something that has value in and of itself ex happiness

instrumental value

something that helps to give value to something else.

courage

the mental or oral strength to persevere and withstand danger

commitment

the act of binding oneself of action or person. it is an agreement or pledge to do something

compassion

the profound awareness of and sympathy for another’s suffering.

detachment

lack of concern for the patient’s needs often translates into mistakes that result in patient injuries

conscientious

one who has moral integrity and a strict regard for doing what is considered the right thing to do

discernment

the ability to make good decision without personal biases, fears, and undue influences from others

fairness

the ablity to make judgement free from discrimination, dishonesty, or one’s own bias. it is the ablity to be objective without prejudice or bias

fidelity

the viture of faithfulness, being true to our commitments and obligations to others. a componet is veracity, implies that we will be truthful and honest in all our endeavors

freedom

the quality of being free to make choices for oneself within the boundries of law

honesty

confidence that a person will act with the right motives, it i sthe assured reliance on character, ablity, strenght or truth of someone

veracity

devotion to and conformity with what is truthful. it involves an obligation to be truthful

truth telling

involves providing enough information so that a patient can make an informed decision about his or her healthcare.

integrity

involves a stedfast adhereance to a strict moral or etical code and a commitment not to compromise this code

kindness

involves the qualities of being considerate and sympathetic to another’s needs

respect

an attitude of admiration or esteem

hopefulness

in the patient care setting, it involves looking forward to something with the confidence of success

cooperation

the process of working with other, in healthcare, caregivers must work together to improve patient outcomes

religious ethics

serve a moral purpose by providing codes of coduct for appropriate behavior through revelations from a divine source

spirituality

implies that there is purpose and meaning to life

situational ethics

concerned with the outcome or consequences of an action in which the ends can justify