MICROBIO

Which scenario best demonstrates the defining feature of a definitive host

A. Larval cyst in muscle tissue

B. Asexual multiplication in erythrocytes

C. Development of infective immature stage

D. Occurence of sexual reproduction

D

Definitive host

• Sexual

• Adult

• Mature

Intermediate host

• Asexual

• Larval

• Immature

The definititve host of Taenia solium (pork tapeworm)

A. Pig

B. Human

C. Cow

D. Insects

B

T solium (pork)

• Definitive - human

• Intermediate - pig

Definitive host of Plasmodium spp (Malaria)

A. Mosquito

B. Human

C. Pig

D. Rat

A

Plasmodium

• Definitive - mosquito

• Intermediate - human

Which classification is the most specific

A. Genera

B. Class

C. Species

D. Family

C

All of the following viruses are oncogenic EXCEPT

A. CMV

B. HBV

C. EBV

D. HTLV-I

A

RECALL QUESTION

What cancer can be caused by Clonorchis and Opistorchis parasites

A. Intestinal cancer

B. Bile duct cancer

C. Bladder cancer

D. Colon cancer

B

RECALL QUESTION

The following are oncogenic parasites EXCEPT

A. Clonorchis spp

B. S. haematobium

C. Opistorchis spp

D. E. histolytica

D

Oncogenic parasites

• Clonorchis

• Opistorchis

• S haematobium

Most common organ infected by E. histolytica

A. Small intestines

B. Liver

C. Large intestine

D. Stomach

C

RECALL QUESTION

Most common extraintestinal organ infected by E. histolytica

A. Small intestines

B. Liver

C. Large intestine

D. Stomach

B

Which is incorrectly matched

A. Round shaped ulcer - B. coli

B. Flask shaped ulcer - E. histolytica

C. Both

D. Neither

D

• Round - B coli

• Flask - E histo

Which protozoa should be reported to the clinician

A. Endolimax nana

B. Entamoeba coli

C. Entamoeba dispar

D. Dientsmoeba fragilis

C

RECALL QUESTION

• E histo

• E dispar

• E hartmanni

The following parasites cannot undergo sexual reproduction EXCEPT

A. Amoebas

B. Flagellates

C. Ciliates

D. Sporozoa

D

Sporozoa can undergo BOTH sexual and asexual

Which of the following cannot be transmitted congenitally (mother - baby)

A. Toxoplasma

B. CMV

C. Shingles

D. Herpes

C

Congenital (ToRCH)

• Toxoplasma

• Rubella

• CMV

• Herpes

In congenital toxoplasmosis which antibody is the most sensitive for early detection in newborns

A. IgG

B. IgM

C. IgD

D. IgA

D

RECALL QUESTION

Which of the following is a gametocyte

C

RECALL QUESTION

How many fields should be counted before reporting negative smear for malaria

A. 100

B. 200

C. 300

D. 500

C

RECALL QUESTION

• TB & malaria - 300 fields

Which parasite ova is described to exhibit flattened bipolar plugs

A. Trichuris trichiura

B. Capillaria philippinensis

C. Necator americanus

D. Enterobius vermicularis

B

• Round bipolar - trichuris

• Flat bipolar - capillaria

Eggs are not routinely used to diagnose which parasite

A. Necator americanus

B. Ascaris lumbricoides

C. Strongyloides stercoralis

D. Trichuris trichiura

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Strongy - rhabditiform

Which can be acquired via ingestion and inhalation

A . Enterobius vermicularis

B. Trichuris trichiura

C. Ascaris lumbricoides

D. Hookworms

A

RECALL QUESTION

• Wag amuyin ang pwet may Enterobius

Nematode with bipolar plugs

A. Trichuris trichiura

B. Capillaria philipinensis

C. Both

D. Neither

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Trichuris - round plugs

• Capillaria - flat plugs

Nematodes are also known as

A. Tapeworm

B. Flatworm

C. Roundworm

D. Fluke

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Round - nematode

• Tape - cestode

• Fluke - trematode

• Flat - cestode & trematode

Best time to collect Enterobius vermicularis ova

A. Morning

B. Afternoon

C. Night

D. Anytime

A

RECALL QUESTION

• Night - laying eggs

• Morning - collect eggs

Which of the following skin test is used for Ascaris infection

A. Bachman test

B. Montenegro test

C. Moan test

D. Casoni test

C

Skin tests

• Bachman - T spiralis

• Moan - Ascaris

• Montenegro - Leishmania

• Casoni - E granulosus

• Mantoux - TB

This parasite causes iron deficiency anemia

A. D. latum

B. E. granulosus

C. Hookworms

D. T. canis

C

• IDA - hookworm

• Megaloblastic - D latum

The actively reproducing part of cestodes

A. Neck

B. Proglottid

C. Scolex

D. Rostellum

B

RECALL QUESTION

• Mature proglottid

Leaf like unsegmented and mostly monoecious

A. Trematode

B. Cestode

C. Nematode

D. Cyst

A

RECALL QUESTION

• Cestode - ribbon like

• Nematode - round like

• Trematode - leaf like

Identify the stage

A. Sporocyst

B. Cercaria

C. Miracidium

D. Metacercaria

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Miracidium - ciliated

• Cercaria - tailed

• Metacercaria - cyst wall

Which causes cholangiocarcinoma

A. Fasciola

B. Clonorchis

C. Echinococcus

D. Paragonimus

B

RECALL QUESTION

• Cholangiocarcinoma - BILE DUCT cancer

• By clonorchis & opistorchis

Which is a nematode

A

RECALL QUESTION

• A - round - nematode

• B & C - leaf like - trematode

• D - ribbon flat - cestode

Vector of Y. pestis

A. Ixodes

B. Aedes

C. Xenopsylla

D. Simulium

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Xenopsylla - flea - Y pestis

Viruses are classified as

A. Prokaryote

B. Eukaryote

C. Both

D. Neither

D

Viruses are acellular

All of the following are spiral shaped EXCEPT

A. Clostridium botulinum

B. Campylobacter jejuni

C. Treponema pallidum

D. Vibrio cholerae

A

• Vibrio - curved

• Treponema - spiral

• Campylobacter - curved

What exhibits swimming, swarming, and twitching motility

A. Proteus spp

B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

C. Spirochetes

D. Vibrio spp

B

Proteus aeruginosa can do all 3

Which is not a type of bacterial motility

A. Swimming

B. Swarming

C. Darting

D. Brownian movement

D

Brownian - pseudo motility

What type of motility allows P. aeruginosa to spread on the surface of a solid agar

A. Swimming

B. Swarming

C. Twitching

D. Gliding

C

• Swarming - SOFT agar

• Twitching - SOLID agar

• Swimming - broth

What bacteria is capable of swarming on soft agar

A. Escherichia coli

B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

C. Staphylococcus aureus

D. Salmonella typhi

B

P aeruginosa

• Swarming - SOFT agar

• Twitching - SOLID agar

• Swimming - broth

What temperature is best if there will be a slight delay in processing viral samples

A. 4°C

B. -70°C

C. -32°C

D. -4°C

A

• Short delay - 4

• Long delay - -70

What should you do if there is delay in processing fungal samples

A. Refrigerate it

B. Freeze it

C. Add NSS

D. Add povidone iodine

A

Usually room temp but if delayed then refrigerate

When cleaning the skin with iodophor how long should it remain intact on the skin

A. 30 sec

B. 1 min

C. 2 mins

D. 15 sec

C

• Iodophor - 1 min

• Iodine tincture - 30 sec

Removal of resistant bacterial spores can be accomplished by the following EXCEPT

A. Moist heat at 121°C at 15 psi

B. Moist heat at 132°C for 1 hour

C. Incineration

D. UV radiation

D

All are sporicidal (sterilization) except UV (disinfection)

All can be refrigerated before testing EXCEPT

A. Stool

B. Urine

C. Blood

D. Viral specimen

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Cold kills organisms in blood

What test can differentiate N. lactamida from N. meningitidis

A. ONPG

B. Catalase

C. Maltose

D. Sucrose

A

• ONPG - Tests for ALL lactose fermentors

• Only lactose fermenting Neisseria - lactamida

• Sucrose - both dont ferment

• Maltose - both ferments

The following are associated with cystic fibrosis EXCEPT

A. Burkholderia cepacia

B. Francisella tularensis

C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

D. Prevotella spp

B

How should corneal scrapings for fungal culture be handled

A. Refrigerate immediately

B. Process within <2 hours at room temperature

C. Process within 24 hours at room temperature

D. Transport in Stuarts medium

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Standard is within 2 hrs but cornea is exemption

Causative agent of Tinea versicolor

A. Piedraia hortae

B. Hortea werneckii

c. Malassezia furfur

D. Trichosporon spp

C

RECALL QUESTION

Which provides a presumptive identification of viral infection

A. Cytopathic effect on cell culture

B. Intracellular RBC inclusions

C. Sheep RBC lysis

D. Presence of mononuclear inflammatory cells

A

RECALL QUESTION

• Inclusions not on RBCs since not nucleated

• Virus needs nucleated cells

What is the specimen for rotavirus

A. Sputum

B. Nasopharyngeal swab

C. Stool

D. Blood

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Rotavirus causes gastroenteritis

Specimen for varicella zoster virus

A. Nasal swab

B. Rectal swab

C. Vesicle fluid

D. Skin scraping

C

RECALL QUESTION

• Skin is good but vesicle is best

• Vesicle more sterile and liquid

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