The senses

blephar/o

eyelid

conjunctiv/o

to bind together, conjunctiva

cor/o

pupil

dacry/o

tear

ir/o

iris

kerat/o

hard, cornea

myring/o

membrane, eardrum

ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o

eye

ot/o

ear

retin/o

retina

scler/o

hard, sclera

asthen/o

weakness

-algia

condition of pain

-ia

condition of

-opia

condition of vision

-ptosis

drooping

-rrhagia

abnormal discharge

asthenopia

eye weakness aka eyestrain from reading a screen or book without breaks

blepharoptosis

drooping of the eyelid

blepharitis

inflammation of the eyelid

blepharoplasty

a procedure to repair damage to the eyelid from inflammation or trauma

leukocoria

white film in the pupil

ophthalmalgia

eye pain

ophthalmorrhagia

abnormal discharge of the eye like blood

dipl-

double

cyst/o

bladder, sac

lith/o

stone

presby/o

old age

sinus/o

cavity

stigmat/o

point

-iasis

condition of pain

-plegia

paralysis

amblyopia

lazy eye which is a common cause of vision loss in children occurs when a nerve pathway fails to develop

What are children with amblyopia also diagnosed with?

strabismus

strabismus

one or both eyes are crossed

esotropia

one eye may turn inward

exotropia

one eye may turn outward

cataract

transparency of the lens is reduced (fog)

conjunctivitis

pink color of the eye during inflammation aka pink eye

dacryolithiasis

condition of rocky particles in the apparatus

dacryocystitis

inflammation of the lacrimal apparatus

If inflammation from dacryocystitis pass into the adjacent sinuses, what is the condition?

dacryosinusitis

detached retina

common cause of blindness where the retina tears away from the choroid layer

diplopia

double vision

glaucoma

fluid pressure from anterior chamber of eye spreads to posterior chamber and pushes gainst hte delicate retina and optic nerve

hordeolum

a stye where there is an infection to the meibomian gland that produces local swelling of the eyelid

what is the chronic form of a hordeolum called?

chalazion

iritis

inflammation of the iris

keratitis

inflammation of the cornea

what is iritis and keratitis caused from

Herpes type I virus or infection

macular degeneration

progressive deterioration of the macula lutea that leads to a loss of visual focus in the middle

ophthalmoalacia

softening of the eye

ophthalmoplegia

paralysis of the eye 

ophthalmopathy

eye disease

retinopathy

disease of the retina

diabetic retinopathy

high levels of blood sugar cause abnormalities that gradually reduce blood flow to the light-sensitive cells of the retina

refractive errors

low vision from an error in the bending of light as it travels through the eye causing defects in the lens, cornea, or shape of they eyeball

myopia

nearsightedness

hyperopia

farsightedness

presbyopia

form of hyperopia that worsen with time/age starting at age 40

astigmatism

curvature of the eye is defective resulting in blurred near and far vision

emmetropia

normal condition of the eye

radi/o

radius

-logist

one who studies

-metrist

one who measures

-stomy

surgical creation of an opening

cataract extraction

a lens damaged by a cataract is surgically removed and replaced with an artificial lens

intraocular lens

artificial lens

what is the most common technique for a cataract extraction?

phacoemulsification or phaco

what does phaco use?

the use of sound waves to break up the lens so it can be removed by suction

what is the most common treatment of corneal damage?

corneal grafting

what is corneal grafting?

the injured cornea is removed and replaced by implantation of a donor or synthetic cornea

what are the two primary treatments for a detached retina?

cyopexy and scleral buckling

cyopexy

tiny holes are created through the retina by a laser which welds the retina back into place or freeze treatment

scleral buckling

tiny synthetic band is attached to the white outside layer of the eyeball to push the wall of the eye against the detached retina

what are two ways to treat dacryocystitis?

antibiotic eyedrops or dacryocystorhinostomy

dacryocystorhinostomy

a channel is surgically created between the nasal cavity and lacrimal sac to promote drainage

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

a laser to reshape the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct refractive errors

optometrist

health professional trained to examine yes to correct vision problems and eye disorders

ophthalmologist

physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases

radial keratotomy

correct the refractive error of myopia

-acusis

condition of hearing

-rrhagia

abnormal discharge

acusis

total loss of hearing

hyperacusis

abnormally sensitive hearing

paracusis

symptom of partial loss of hearing

otalgia

earache

otorrhagia

abnormal ear discharge like blood

otorrhea

abnormal drainage of pus from the ear

tinnitus

ringing of buzzing sensation in the ears

vertigo

sensation of spinning or whirling motion

extern/o

exterior

mastoid/o

resembling a breast

med/o

middle

cholesteatoma

cyst-like ball of epithelial cells in the middle ear which can cause complete hear loss of that ear and neurological complications

mastoiditis

bacterial infection that causes inflammation to the mastoid which can lead to impaired hearing or deafness

Meniere’s disease

vertigo and tinnitus

otitis

inflammation of the ear

otitis externa

pain the the external auditory canal

otitis media

pain and temporary loss of hearing to the middle ear which is common in children