Flashcards - Unit 2.1 Biodiversity and classification - WJEC (Wales) Biology A-level

The process of naming and organising organisms into groups based on their characteristics and evolutionary history is called __________.

classification

Yes, the classification of an organism may change as new information becomes available. __________.

Can the classification of an organism change?

The seven groups in the hierarchy of taxons, from largest to smallest, are __________.

Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species

The five major kingdoms in the five kingdom classification system are __________.

Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, Prokaryotae and Protoctista.

In the three domain classification system, organisms are categorised into three groups: __________.

Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.

The three domain system of classification was developed by analysing __________ differences between organisms to determine their evolutionary relationships.

molecular

Organisms in the same domain share a distinctive pattern of __________.

ribosomal RNA

Bacteria is also known as __________.

Eubacteria

Archaea is made up of primitive bacteria existing in __________ environments.

extreme

Features of the kingdom Prokaryotae include unicellular __________ that lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

prokaryotes

Multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophic and lack a cell wall are part of the kingdom __________.

Animalia.

Eukaryotes with chitin cell walls that reproduce asexually via spores belong to the kingdom __________.

Fungi.

Observations and biochemical methods such as DNA genetic fingerprinting are used in __________.

classification

DNA profiling is a method of determining the characteristics of an individual's __________.

DNA

Biochemical methods reduce mistakes made from observing __________ features alone.

physical

Homologous features indicate a __________ ancestor while analogous features have evolved independently for the same function.

common

In a binomial name, the __________ refers to the genus to which the organism belongs.

generic name

The advantage of the binomial naming system is that it is __________.

universal

Biodiversity refers to the number and variety of living organisms in a given __________.

region

When measuring biodiversity, ecologists must consider species richness and __________.

species evenness

Simpson's Diversity Index is a measurement of diversity that considers both __________ and __________.

species richness, evenness

Genetic diversity within a species can be calculated by proportion of polymorphic gene loci, which is the number of __________ gene loci divided by the total number of loci.

polymorphic

DNA sequencing is used to measure biodiversity by identifying variation in __________ sequences within the same species.

base

An adaptation is a feature of an organism that increases its chance of __________ in its environment.

survival

The three types of adaptation include anatomical, physiological, and __________.

behavioural