Mod 1: Rest and activity

active exercise:

Movement without external assistance

aerobic exercise:

Stamina based movement, tissue gets oxygenated

Contractures:

Permanent tightening of muscles, tendons, skin caused by immobility

Flaccidity:

reduced muscle tone, making the muscles limp/soft

Footdrop:

inability to lift top of foot (foot stuck pointed)

Fracture:

Broken bone

isokinetic exercise:

Movement with resistance (weight)

isometric exercise:

Movement does not change muscle length (stretching)

isotonic exercise:

Movement changes muscle length

Orthopedics:

Musculoskeletal specialists

Paresis:

partial paralysis that causes weakness in voluntary movement

passive exercise:

caregiver (external force) moves limbs for you (no muscle effort)

safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM):

Use of lifts, transfer aids, proper techniques to reposition/move patients

Spasticity:

tightened and stiff muscles that experience involuntary contractions

Tonus:

Normal constant partial contraction of muscle

circadian rhythms:

24 rhythm regulates sleep-wake cycle

Enuresis:

peeing in sleep (repeated)

Narcolepsy:

Overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sleep attacks

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA):

tongue blocking airway

Parasomnias:

abnormal disruptive sleep events (somnambulism, REM behavior disorder, sleep terrors, bruxism, enuresis).

restless legs syndrome (RLS):

irresistible urge to move the legs

sleep cycle:

NREM sleep I+II light sleep alpha waves. III+IV deep sleep delta waves. (physically heals body) REM sleep restores brain/memory, vitals increase.

sleep deprivation:

lack of sleep causing fatigue + health compromisation

sleep hygiene:

healthy habits that support good sleep (no caffeine, exercise before bed, dark cold room, no alcohol)

Somnambulism:

sleepwalking