PLTW Medical Interventions- 1.1 Review

Steps in identifying an organism

Sample Prep, PCR amplification, PCR purification, Sequencing Prep, DNA Sequencing, analysis

PCR

Polymerase Chain Reaction; copes target region to make enough copies to use

Steps of PCR

Denature DNA, Anneal or Attach primers, Extend DNA

What temperature is DNA Denature at?

94 Degrees Celcius

What temperature are primers annealed at?

40-60 Degrees Celcius

What temperature is DNA Extended at?

72 Degrees Celcius

What is a qualitative way to analyze data in the ELISA lab?

Comparing color change

If DNA polymerase carries new nucleotides to the new strand, we know that it is a?

Protein

A primer is designed to?

Target the portion of DNA to be copied

Beers Law States that if I know absorbance I can find?

concentration

Present antigenic epitopes on their cell surfaces to be recognized by T-cells?

Macrophages

Graphing a standard concentration curve without a spectrophotometer, what do you put on the y-axis?

solute

Order for ELISA test?

Patient Sample, Primary antibody, Secondary antibody, Enzyme Substrate

What does BLAST stand for?

Basic Local Alignment Sequence Tool

What does NCBI stand for?

National Center for Biological Information

Antibody

An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells, that functions as the effector in an immune response

Antigen

A foreign macromolecule that does not belong to the host organism and elicits an immune response

Bioinformatics

The collection, classification, storage, and analysis of biochemical and biological information using computers especially as applied in molecular genetics and genomics

Concentration

The amount of a specified substance in a unit amount of another substance

ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbant Assay)

A quantitative in vitro test for an antibody or antigen in which the test material is absorbed on a surface and exposed either to a complex of an enzyme linked to an antibody specific for the antigen or an enzyme linked to an anti-immunoglobulin specific for the antibody followed by reaction of the enzyme with a substrate to yield a colored product corresponding to the concentration of the test material

Enzyme

A protein serving as a catalyst; a chemical agent that changes the rate of reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Genome

The complement of an organism's genes; an organism's genetic material

Medical Intervention

Any measure whose purpose is to improve health or alter the course of disease

Outbreak

A sudden rise in the incidence of a disease

Pathogen

A specific causative agent of disease

Primer

A molecule (a short strand of RNA or DNA) whose presence is required for formation of another molecule (a longer chain of DNA)

Serial dilution

A stepwise dilution of a substance in solution

Solute

A substance dissolved in another substance

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these

Solvent

A substance, usually a liquid, capable of dissolving another substance

Substrate

The reactant on which an enzyme works