Human Ap Models

Demographic Transition model

Explains population growth stages based on birth and death rates

Epidemic transition Model

Links disease patterns to stages of the DTM

Malthusian Theory

Predicts population growth outpacing food supply

Ravensteins Laws of Migration

Identifies patterns in migration behavior

Zelinsky Model of Migration transition

Connects migration trends to stages of demographic transition

Concentric Zone Model (Burgess)

Describes urban land use in concentric rings

Sector Model (Hoyt)

Suggests cities develop in sectors radiating from the center

Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris and Ullman)

Proposes cities have multiple centers of activity

Urban Realms Model

Depicts cities as decentralized realms with their own centers

Peripheral Model

Highlights suburban development around a central city

Galactic city Model

Focuses on post-Industrial cities with decentralized business districts

Central place theory (Christaller)

Explains the distribution of services based on settlements

Big Rent Theory

Illustrates how land value and demand decrease with distance from the city center

Borcherts Epochs of Urban growth

Identifies stages of urban development tied to transportation

Von Thünen Model

Explains agricultural land use in relation to market proximity

Heartland Theory (Mackinder)

Suggests control of Eastern Europe leads to global dominance

Rimland Theory (Skykam)

Emphasizes coastal areas importance in global power

Organic Theory (Ratzel)

Compares states to living organisms needing expansion

World Systems Theory (Wallerstien)

Divides the world into core, periphery, and semi periphery regions

Dependency Theory

Argues that resources flow from periphery to core countries, enriching later

Rostows stages of economic growth

Outlines 5 stages of economic development

Structuralist Theory

Focuses on structural factors limiting development in poorer countries

Carl sauers cultural landscape theory

Emphasizes human impact on the landscape

Renfrew Hypothesis

Proposes the diffusion of Indo- European languages through Agriculture

Conquest Theory

Suggests Indo European languages spread through conquest

Agriculture Theory

Prosits that language spread is linked to agricultural practices

Webers Least Cost Theory

Explains industrial location based on minimizing costs

Hotellings Model of Locational Interdependence

Describes how businesses locate in relation to competition

Loschs Profit Maximization Theory

Focuses on Maximizing profit through optimal location

Gravity Model

Predicts interaction between places based on size and distance

Rank Size Rule (Zips Law)

States that the nth largest city is 1/n the size of the largest city

The Latin American City Model

Developed by Griffin and Ford in 1980, describes the structure of many major cities in Latin America. It combines elements of Latin American culture and the forces of globalization. The model emphasizes a central business district (CBD) with a dominant elite residential sector and a commercial spine