U6 pt.1

Temparent

the basic foundation of personality, usually assumed to be biologically determined and present early in life.

Character

the aspect of personality that includes temperament (inherited traits) and the social

• Personality (character + temp)

• comes from adding up character and behavior

• enduring relatively stable set of characteristics

• unique adjustment of life

• Theories of personality

these are frameworks that describe and explain the various psychological constructs of personality, including how they develop, manifest, and influence behavior.

• psychodynamic theories

theories focus on the influence of the unconscious mind, early life experiences, and inner conflicts on personality development. They were pioneered by Sigmund Freud

• preconscious

• • level of psyche that contains feeling and impulses

    • not aware but can be called to consciousness

• Unconscious

• Holds memories, emotional conflicts, wishes, and repressed impulses.

Ego Defense Mechanisms

• The ego's protective strategies to reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality.

• Repression

• The fundamental defense mechanism that pushes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories out of consciousness.

Regression

Retreating to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated.

Reaction formation

Switching unacceptable impulses into their opposites.

Projection

Disguising one's own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.

Rationalization

Offering self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one’s actions.

Displacement

Shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person.

Sublimation

Transferring unacceptable impulses into socially valued motives.

Denial

Refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities

Projective Tests

this thing is designed to uncover unconscious thoughts, feelings, and desires. They use ambiguous stimuli (like images or prompts) to encourage individuals to project their underlying emotions, motivations, and conflicts onto the test material.

Id

The primitive, instinctive part of the psyche driven by the pleasure principle.

Ego

The rational, decision-making part operating on the reality principle.

Superego

The moral and ethical component, representing societal and parental standards.