Liver Anatomy and Vascular Supply Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering liver embryology, coverings, ligaments, processes, vascular supply, drainage, and segmental divisions.

Gestational Liver Development

The liver begins to form at $4\text{ weeks}$ gestation and takes part in hematopoiesis at $5\text{ weeks}$.

Hematopoiesis

The creation of red blood cells.

what is the Glisson's Capsule of, how much of the liver does it cover, and is home to what?

A fibrous covering that completely covers the liver and is home to blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.

Visceral Layer of the Peritoneum

Covers the liver completely except for the bare area.

Bare Area

Area of the liver in direct contact with the diaphragm; unlike the peritoneal sac, it cannot accumulate fluid.

8 Ligaments of the Liver

Coronary ligament, right Triangular ligament, Lt triangular Lig, Falciform Lig, Ligamentum Teres, Ligamentum venosum, Gastrohepatic Lig, and hepatoduodenal Lig.

Four Lobes of the Liver

Rt lobe, Lt lobe, Quadrate lobe, and Caudate lobe.

Falciform Ligament

divides the right and left lobes of the liver

Ligamentum Venosum

separates the caudate lobe and Lt lobe.

Ligamentum Teres

separates the Quadrate lobe and Lt lobe.

Caudate Lobe Location

Situated on the posterior side of the liver, superiorly.

Quadrate Lobe Location

Situated on the posterior side of the liver, inferiorly.

Caudate Process

Part of the liver that extends between the IVC and gallbladder fossa.

Papillary Process

An extension of the caudate lobe into the medial body.

3 things included in the Porta Hepatis

Main Portal vein (entering), Main Hepatic Artery (entering), and Common Bile duct (exiting).

Portal Veins

Vessels that bring nutrient and toxin-rich blood into the liver, $70-80\%$ of total blood volume into the liver.

Hepatic Artery

Brings oxygen-rich blood into the liver, brings $20-30\%$ of blood volume into the liver.

Common Bile Duct

that transports bile from the liver to the duodenum.

Portal Confluence

Structure formed when the Splenic Vein joins the Superior Mesenteric vein.

Lt Portal Vein Splits

Splits into the Lt. Medial Portal vein and Lt Lateral Portal vein.

Rt Portal Vein Splits

Splits into the Rt. Anterior Portal vein and Rt. Posterior Portal vein.

Three Hepatic Veins and where do they drain into?

Rt. Hepatic vein, Middle hepatic vein, and Lt. hepatic vein, which drain directly into the IVC.

Emissary Veins

Veins that drain the caudate lobe directly into the IVC.

Liver Inflow Vessels

Hepatic Artery and Portal vein.

Liver Outflow Vessels

Hepatic veins and Emissary veins.

Intrasegmental and what are the main branches included in this?

Structures that run through segments; main branches include the Portal triad.

Intersegmental and what main branches does it include?

Structures that run in between segments; main branches include the hepatic veins.

Segmental Division Lobes

Right, Left, and Caudate.

Couinaud's 8 Segments

Caudate, Lt. Lateral Superior, Lt. Lateral inferior, Lt. Medial Superior, Lt. Medial inferior, Rt. Anterior inferior, Rt. Posterior inferior, Rt. Posterior Superior, and Rt. Anterior Superior.