Pre-test: Chapter 3 - Anatomy of the Generalized Cell

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus

A generalized human cell is structurally divided into three primary regions. Which of the following correctly lists these three regions?

Hydrophilic heads face both the outer and inner fluid environments, while nonpolar hydrophobic tails line up in the interior center.

According to the fluid mosaic model, how are phospholipid molecules arranged within the plasma membrane?

Gap junctions

Which type of cell junction acts as communicating channels made of hollow protein cylinders (connexons) that allow ions and small molecules to pass directly between adjacent cells?

Assembling ribosome subunits

Within the cell nucleus, what is the primary function of the nucleolus?

Mitochondrion

Which organelle is bounded by a double membrane with inner shelflike folds called cristae and functions as the primary site of cellular ATP production?

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A nursing student is reviewing organelle functions. Which organelle is studded with ribosomes and functions primarily in building, modifying, and transporting proteins?

Golgi apparatus

Which organelle receives proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum, then modifies, packages, and routes them to their final cellular or extracellular destinations?

Peroxisome

Which organelle contains oxidase enzymes that neutralize harmful free radicals by converting them to hydrogen peroxide, which is subsequently converted to water by catalase?

Centrioles

During cell division, which paired, rod-shaped organelles located near the nucleus direct the formation of the mitotic spindle?

Microvilli

Epithelial cells lining the small intestine require a vastly expanded membrane surface area to maximize nutrient absorption. Which cell surface extension provides this specialized function?