CHONPS (Chemical Properties) AP BIO

CHO (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen)

Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1. They serve as a primary energy source and are essential for various biological functions. Ex: C6H12O6 (Glucose)

CHONS (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur)

Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of amino acids that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. They play critical roles in the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.

CHONP (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus)

Nucleic Acids (CHONP) essential for storing and transmitting genetic information, including DNA and RNA. They are composed of nucleotide monomers that include a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

CHOP (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus)

Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules made primarily of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, Nitrogen, and phosphorus. They include fats, oils, and steroids, serving as energy reserves and structural components of cell membranes.