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With the collapse of its western half, the roman empire was restricted to ______________
eastern europe
who did rome fall to in 476
the ostrogoths
what did the roman fall to the ostrogoths mark
it markked the end of the west half of the roman empire
the eastern half of the empire continued as the _______________________
byzantine empire
what was the byzantine empire capital `
constantinopel
what did constantine want for constantinople
he wanted it to be built from scratch and serve as the center of the christian world
what happened in 292 that refers to the roman empire
diocletian divided the roman empire into 2
when did constantine reunite the two parts
324
where did constantine build the new capital city
in the location of byzantinium
when did constantine die
337
what did constantines death result in
the division between east and west
what was a language difference between the east and west
east spoke greek and not latin
what kind of clothes did the east wear
togas
why did the east break with the pope
they broke over the monophosite heresy
why was constantinople impervious to assault
it was highly fortified
when did justinian become emperor
527
when did justinian send belarius to recover north africa from the vandals
533
what happened in 549 regarding justinian
his armies won almost all of italy and parts of spain, coming to rule the territory rome had ever ruled
what happened to the byzantine empire after justinian is gone
the territories conquered by justinian cant be kept
the emperor becomes the __________________________
head of the eastern christian church
great _____________ and centers of ___________ are established
universites, learning
what did new forms of art anc architecture include
the use of domes and mosaics
what kind of power did the byzantine emperors rule with
absolute power
the emperors headed what two departments (idk if departments is the right word)
state and church
to regulate a complex society, justinian set up a
panel of 10 legal ezperts
what did the ten legal experts do
they combed through 400 years of roman law and legal opinions
what was the panel of 10 legal experts job
to create a single, uniform code
what is The Code
nearly 5000 roman laws that the experts considered useful for the Byzantine empire
what is The Digest
opinions of romes greatest legal thinkers about the laws
how many volumes did The Digest have
50
what are The Institutes
a textbook that told law students how to use laws
what is The Novella (New Laws)
presented legal legislation passed after 534
when did justinian die
565
how long did the justinian code serve the byzantine empire for
900 years
what were some things that were apart of justinians plan for public rebuilding
rebuilt crumbling walls around teh city, church building
what was justinians greatest passion
church building
when did the hagia sophia exist
532 - 537
what was the hagia sophia the crowning glory of
justinians reign
the hagia sophia was a combo of ___________ and _____________
central plan, early christian basilica w
hat was the hippodrome
large arena that held 60 K spectators
what went on inside the hippo drome
wild chariot races and circus acts
byzantine amilies valued education. they sent their children to
monastic or public schools or hired private tutors
basic courses focused on
greek and latin grammar, philosophy, and rhetoric
the classics of greek and roman lit served as ___________
textbooks
students memorized ________________
homer
they learned geometry frum ________, history from _______, and medicine from _________
euclid, herotodus, galen
what causes the divergence of doctrines and rituals of western and eastern christianity
distance and lack of contact between the byzantine empire and the western church in rome
the church would eventually split into _____________ and ______________
the eastern orthodox and the roman catholic church
when did emperor leo III ban use of icons
730
what are icons
religious images used by eastern christians to aid their devotions
leo believed that icons equaled ________________
icon worship
who supported leo in his banning of icons
the army
what are iconoclasts
icon breakers
what happened as a result of the iconoclastic controversy
people rioted and clergy rebelled
what are clergys
church officials
when the pope became involved in the controversy, what side was he on
he supported the use of icons
when did the icon controversy end
843
how did the icon controversy end
when an empress resotred icons to eastern churches
what happened in 1504 regarding the pope and byzantine patriarch
they excommunicated one another over religious doctrine
what is excommunication
being banned from the church
after this shcism, christianity was ____________________________________
permanently divided between the roman catholic church in the west and the orhtodox church in the east what
what does schism mean
split
as west and east grew apart, the two traditions of christianity competed for _____
souls
what were some invasions that reulsted in the decline of the byzantine empire
normans conquer southern italy, seljuk turks advance through asia minor
what were some crusades that led to the decline of the byzantine empire
trade rivalries lead to conflict with enemins, knights capture constantinople during 4th crusade
what were some ottomon attacks that led to the downfall of the byzantine empire
constantinople is captured by turks, constantinople is transformed into muslim istanbul
when did the cursaders attack, conquer, and pillage constantinople
1204
when was the city of constantinople permanently conquered by the ottoman turks and renamed istanbul
1453
what were some byzantine art characteristics
flattened, symbolic, space, shapes and figures show continuing trend toward shallow space, details, elongated proportions, dematerialized bodies
icons were used as a object of __________
devotion
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Flashcard (46)