Rise of the Byzantine Empire

With the collapse of its western half, the roman empire was restricted to ______________

eastern europe

who did rome fall to in 476

the ostrogoths

what did the roman fall to the ostrogoths mark

it markked the end of the west half of the roman empire

the eastern half of the empire continued as the _______________________

byzantine empire

what was the byzantine empire capital \`

constantinopel

what did constantine want for constantinople

he wanted it to be built from scratch and serve as the center of the christian world

what happened in 292 that refers to the roman empire

diocletian divided the roman empire into 2

when did constantine reunite the two parts

324

where did constantine build the new capital city

in the location of byzantinium

when did constantine die

337

what did constantines death result in

the division between east and west

what was a language difference between the east and west

east spoke greek and not latin

what kind of clothes did the east wear

togas

why did the east break with the pope

they broke over the monophosite heresy

why was constantinople impervious to assault

it was highly fortified

when did justinian become emperor

527

when did justinian send belarius to recover north africa from the vandals

533

what happened in 549 regarding justinian

his armies won almost all of italy and parts of spain, coming to rule the territory rome had ever ruled

what happened to the byzantine empire after justinian is gone

the territories conquered by justinian cant be kept

the emperor becomes the __________________________

head of the eastern christian church

great _____________ __and centers of__ ___________ are established

universites, learning

what did new forms of art anc architecture include

the use of domes and mosaics

what kind of power did the byzantine emperors rule with

absolute power

the emperors headed what two departments (idk if departments is the right word)

state and church

to regulate a complex society, justinian set up a

panel of 10 legal ezperts

what did the ten legal experts do

they combed through 400 years of roman law and legal opinions

what was the panel of 10 legal experts job

to create a single, uniform code

what is The Code

nearly 5000 roman laws that the experts considered useful for the Byzantine empire

what is The Digest

opinions of romes greatest legal thinkers about the laws

how many volumes did The Digest have

50

what are The Institutes

a textbook that told law students how to use laws

what is The Novella (New Laws)

presented legal legislation passed after 534

when did justinian die

565

how long did the justinian code serve the byzantine empire for

900 years

what were some things that were apart of justinians plan for public rebuilding

rebuilt crumbling walls around teh city, church building

what was justinians greatest passion

church building

when did the hagia sophia exist

532 - 537

what was the hagia sophia the crowning glory of

justinians reign

the hagia sophia was a combo of ___________ __and__ _____________

central plan, early christian basilica w

hat was the hippodrome

large arena that held 60 K spectators

what went on inside the hippo drome

wild chariot races and circus acts

byzantine amilies valued education. they sent their children to

monastic or public schools or hired private tutors

basic courses focused on

greek and latin grammar, philosophy, and rhetoric

the classics of greek and roman lit served as ___________

textbooks

students memorized ________________

homer

they learned geometry frum __________, history from__ _________, and medicine from__ _________

euclid, herotodus, galen

what causes the divergence of doctrines and rituals of western and eastern christianity

distance and lack of contact between the byzantine empire and the western church in rome

the church would eventually split into _____________ __and__ ______________

the eastern orthodox and the roman catholic church

when did emperor leo III ban use of icons

730

what are icons

religious images used by eastern christians to aid their devotions

leo believed that icons equaled ________________

icon worship

who supported leo in his banning of icons

the army

what are iconoclasts

icon breakers

what happened as a result of the iconoclastic controversy

people rioted and clergy rebelled

what are clergys

church officials

when the pope became involved in the controversy, what side was he on

he supported the use of icons

when did the icon controversy end

843

how did the icon controversy end

when an empress resotred icons to eastern churches

what happened in 1504 regarding the pope and byzantine patriarch

they excommunicated one another over religious doctrine

what is excommunication

being banned from the church

after this shcism, christianity was ____________________________________

permanently divided between the roman catholic church in the west and the orhtodox church in the east what

what does schism mean

split

as west and east grew apart, the two traditions of christianity competed for _____

souls

what were some invasions that reulsted in the decline of the byzantine empire

normans conquer southern italy, seljuk turks advance through asia minor

what were some crusades that led to the decline of the byzantine empire

trade rivalries lead to conflict with enemins, knights capture constantinople during 4th crusade

what were some ottomon attacks that led to the downfall of the byzantine empire

constantinople is captured by turks, constantinople is transformed into muslim istanbul

when did the cursaders attack, conquer, and pillage constantinople

1204

when was the city of constantinople permanently conquered by the ottoman turks and renamed istanbul

1453

what were some byzantine art characteristics

flattened, symbolic, space, shapes and figures show continuing trend toward shallow space, details, elongated proportions, dematerialized bodies

icons were used as a object of __________

devotion