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U.S. Constitution
Provides a workable framework for our federal government; 1789
Declaration of Independence
A proclamation to let the King know that colonists wanted their rights; July 4, 1776
Bill of Rights
First ten amendments to the Constitutions; based on the Magna Carter, Petition of Rights, and English Bill of Rights
First Amendment
No law to prohibit freedom of speech, press, assembly, or petitioning of the government
Second Amendment
Right to bear arms for security
third amendment
government militaries cannot take over a citizen's house without consent
fourth amendment
against unreasonable searches and seizures; warrants should be issued for probable cause
fifth amendment
protection against self incrimination on trial; double- jeopardy, if not found guilty, a person canot be tried again; right to due process
sixth amendment
right public and speedy trial; an impartial jury; right to a counsel
seventh amendment
right to a jury trail if the amount exceeds $20
eighth amendment
prohibits excessive bail and cruel and unusal punishment
ninth amendment
just because the right is not mentioned in the constitution, does not mean it is not a right
tenth amendment
powers not mentioned in the constitution for the federal government are reserved for the states; states can govern their own citizens without their own boundaries
civil rights
personal, human rights recognized and garanteed by the Constitution
legal rights
cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process
legal duties
respect life of others, their freedom and their property
Due process of law
5th amendment; requires adequate notice and a proper hearing
due process of law garantees
4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th amendments
thirteenth amendment
abolition of slavery
fifteenth amendment
gave the right to vote to black men
sixteenth amendment
gave the right to vote to women
seventeenth amendment
1971, gave 18-year-olds the right to vote
peripheral rights
rights not mentioned in the Constitution, but courts have recognized them as necassary for protection
1960
year the right of privacy was declared
system of checks and balances
a balance of power between branches of government
legislative branch
congress: senate and house
Senate
two members allowed per state, six year terms; has the power to try impeachment cases
House of Representatives
based on population, two year terms; determines bills for taxing or the funds to start; brings impeachment charges
executive branch
president and vice-president; determined by the electorial college
political party
private organization of citizens who select and promote candidates
judicial branch
court systems
pure democracy
every adult citizen may vote on all issues
republic
representative democracy, voters select representatives to vote for them
fourteenth amendment
limits states' powers
FTC
Federal Trade Commission
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
NLRB
National Labor Relations Board
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
EEOC
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
CPSC
Consumer Product Safety Commission
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
EPA
Enviromental Protection Agency
NRC
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
DHS
Department of Homeland Security
cyberlaw
law that is intended to govern the use of computers in commerce and the Internet
Who developed the Internet?
US Department of Defense
When was the Internet developed?
late 1960's
What was the Internet first called?
ARPANET
What was the purpose of the Internet?
to increase pace of developements of the defense projects and share information
Who created their own Internet in the late 1980's?
National Science Foundation
When did the Internet begin being used for businesses?
1991
What made the Internet user friendly in the 1990's?
hypertext
Who developed the web as we know it?
Tim Berners-Lee
What is a browser?
uses hypertext to allow access
HTML
hypertext markup language
HTTP
hypertext transfer protocol
state jurisdiction
business done between state citizens
federal jurisdiction
cases on large amounts ($75,000) or cases between different states
Does the state where a lawsuit is filed allow a defendant to be from a different state?
if they havea long arm statute
Roth vs. U.S.
no protection under the 1st amendment against obsenity; caused the question "Did the questionable material have any redeeming social importance?"
Miller vs. California (1973)
the standard of communities affected by obscenity varies from community to community
Communications Decency Act (1996)
made to control the knowing transmittal of obscene materical throught the Internet
Child Online Protection Act (1998)
requires commercial sites to restrict access to their sites containing harmful matericcal to children
Are personal e-mails on an employer's system protected by the right of privacy?
no
spamming
practice of sending unrequested emails in bulk to customers
cookie
list of sites visited, packet of info containing internet address and other personal information
What cookies are forbidden?
information on videos and cable programs rented or purchased
What cookies are not forbidden?
gathering of information and sharing it about users while they are online
impeachment
trial of a government official for misconduct in office
sovereignty
freedom from external control
amendment
a change or alteration
hypertext
nonlinear format for the publishing of information
scanning program
accesses information from the internet in the form of a brower
HTTP
provides the standard for exchanging files in HTML format
e-commerce
the name of business that is conducted electronically
spamming
sedning unrequested bulk e-mailing to hundreds of thousands of potential customers through the Interest
minimum contacts
jurisdiction is only proper if the defendant has either a substantial, continuous, and systematic presence, or ___________ _________
HTML
dictates the format of standard Web documents
