Biomaterials- Chapter 1

dental materials definition

• study and science of the development, properties, manipulation, care, evolution, and evaluation of materials used in the treatment and prevention of dental disease

what does dental materials include

• the principles of engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology

role in dental materials

• till 1970- only hygienists could work in intraoral environments

• advanced dental care procedures for DA is more popular

• need to know WHY

• laws very state to state

safety

• handling, disposal, patient, safety

maintenance

• cleaning, polishing, instrumentation

delivery

• behavior of material, manipulation of materials, assistance in the delivery of material

why study dental materials?

• safety

• maintenance

• delivery

• patient education

evidence based dentistry- definition from ADA

• an approach to oral health care that requires judicious integration of the systemic assessment of clinically relevant scientific evidence related to the patients oral medical history w the dentists clinical expertise and the patients treatment needs and preferences

evidence based dentistry

• the goal- FDA approved

• continuing education

• patients right to chose

• dentist routinely searches scientific information when making clinical decisions regarding techniques, technology, and products

• evidence does not replace clinical expertise or input from the patient

600 BC

• using materials for restoration, replacement, or beautification introduced

romans

• in the Christian era, they used gold to restore teeth

• gold shells, fixed bridges, and partial and full dentures

in the mid-18th century

• casts were constructed from wax impressions

• (dentures from wax)

• in prussia

hippopotamus ivory bases

• w human/ animal teeth replacements were popular

retention

• accomplished by hinging the top and bottom together by using a spring-like device

amalgam

• long and controversial history (bc of mercury)

1st mentioned by Chinese

• silver paste

• in 659 AD

france

• 1800

• silver shavings from coins were mixed w mercury to form a sloppy paste

amalgam- history

• health problems arose from high mercury

• 1846, American society of dental surgeons passed a resolution to not use amalgam

• 1895, GV black developed 1st viable amalgam formula

GV Black

• developed 1st viable amalgam formula

fluorosis

• too much fluoride on tooth during development

1st mention of use of fluoride for prevention:

• occurred in England

• 1874

dr. fredrick McKay

• credited with noting fluorosis in 1901

dr fredrick mckay and GV black

• determined drinking water in CO springs was a contributing factor

American Dental Association (ADA)

• needs to be approved by them

• The Professional products review

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

• need to be approved by them

• medical device amendment

International Agencies

• international dental federation

• international standards organization

who were allowed to work intraorally until 1970?

• dental hygenists

ADA- stands for

• American Dental Association

what did romans use for tooth restorations?

• gold

when was amalgam first used?

• 1800

when did the American society of dental surgeons ban amalgam

• 1846

when did GV black develop viable amalgam

• 1895

when was the first use of fluoride mentioned?

• 1874

who noted fluorosis in 1901?

• dr fredrick mckay

• GV black

what is the role of standardizing agencies?

• evaluation

when was the ADA made

• 1859

American national standards institite

• (ANIS)

• 1918

FDA- class one

• lowest risk

• amination gloves, prophy paste

FDA- class 2

• products required to meet performance standards

• ex. amalgam, composite materials

FDA- class 3

• most regulated devices

• ex. implants, bone graphing