Last minute studying Advanced nutrition proteins

Cysteine (from methionine and serine) and proline (from glutamate)

Premature infants

Tyrosine (from phenylalanine) and cystenine (from methionine)

Infants with premature liver function or liver disease (cirrhosis)

Tyrosine (from phenylalanine)

PKU (phenylketonuria), lack of phenylalanine or hydroxylase

Arginine (from glutamine, glutamate, proline)

Trauma

Products of protein digestion in the stomach

large polypeptides, some oligopeptides (2-20 AAs) and free AAs 

Products of protein digestion in the small intestine

short oligopeptide fragments, dipeptides, AAs

What hormones/neurotransmitters can tryptophan make?

Serotonin→ melatonin

What hormones/neurotransmitters can glutamate make?

GABA

What hormones/neurotransmitters can glutamate, glycine, and cystenine make?

Glutathione

What hormones/neurotransmitters can tyrosine make?

Dopamine→norepinephrine→epinephrine

What hormones/neurotransmitters can methionine make?

S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), primary methyl donor

phenylalanine hydroxylase

phenylketonuria (PKU)

tyrosine aminotransferase

Tyrosine aminotransferase

homogentisate dioxygenase

alkoptonuria

decreased activity of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKAD) complex, mainly leucine

Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)

cystathionine α synthase

Hyperhomocysteinemia  

methionine adenosyl transferase

Hypermethioninemia