1 - Matter and Energy

Based on powerpoint and textbook. Bold info is the most important, italicized info is extra and you will be questioned on it in other flashcards.

Pure substance

Matter that cannot be separated by a physical process.

There are 2 types

• Element

• Compound

Mixture

Matter that can be separated by a physical process.

There are 2 types

• Homogeneous

• Heterogeneous

Element

A type of pure substance that cannot be decomposed by a chemical reaction

Ex: Pure gold

Compound

A type of pure substance that can be decomposed by a chemical reaction

Ex: Ice (water)

Homogeneous mixture

Mixtures that are uniform throughout

Ex: Vinegar

Heterogeneous mixture

Mixtures that are NOT uniform throughout

Ex: Salad dressing

Atomism

The belief that all forms of matter are composed of extremely tiny, indestructible blocks called atoms

\
\*This is not a scientific theory. It is an example of natural philosophy

Atom

The smallest particle of an element that cannot be chemically or mechanically divided into smaller particles

Scientific Theory

A concise, extensively tested explanation of widely observed natural phenomena