Skeletal system (Updated)

Cranium

skull

Carpals

8 Small bones makeup wrist connect hand to forearm

Phalanges

digital bones in hands/feet

Metacarpals

Wrist Connects bones to base.

Mandible

lower jaw, has movement

Maxilla

upper jaw

Temporal

2 major bones in Cranium

Occipital

lower back of skull

Vomer

unpaired facial bones

Lacrimal

medial wall of orbit

Joint cavity

where bones connect to each other

Axial skeletal

80 bones, central core

Appendicular skeletal

one of two major bone groups.

Clavicle

bone that connects breast plate to shoulder

Vertebral

33 bones, making Spinal Column

Scapula

shoulder blade, Connect the humerus to clavicle

Sacrum

fusing s1-s5 at base of spine

Ulna

forearm lower inside

Humerus

funny bone, long bone

Radius

lower outside of forearm

Pelvis

base of Spine, hip joints

Femur

largest bone in body / leg bone

Tibia

larger bone on inside lower leg.

Fibula

lower smaller leg bone.

Tarsals

foot bones

Metatarsals

five long bones in the foot

Calcaneus

largest tarsal bone in foot

Ball & joint socket

flexion, extension / abduction, adduction / medial, rotation

Type of Fracture open

through skin.

Type of Fracture closed

no break, Simple

Type of Fracture Stable

broken ends

Type of Fracture Displaced

gap between break; Surgery needed

Type of Fracture Partial

incomplete break of bone

Type of Fracture Complete

in 2 or more Pieces

Arthritis

inflammation of joints, bone causing stiffness

Sprains

Stretching or tearing of ligaments

Scoliosis

Curvature of Spine forming "S"

Osteoporosis

bones become weak & brittle

Osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone caused by infection

Ewing's Sarcoma

Cancer in /around bones found mostly in children

Talipes

infants foot twists outward (Clubfoot)

Kyphosis

hunchBack (older women)

Lordosis

Curving inward lower back (Sway back )

Osteomalacia

Softening of the bones lack Vit D- old age

Cervical

C1 to C7 neck

Spine

Backbone that supports body (33 bones)

Thoracic

T1 to T12 Chest

Lumbar

L1 to L5 lower back

Sacrum

S1 to S5 all fused together

Coccyx

tailbone (cauda equine)

Hinge joint

helps swing like a door, move in one direction, back & forth

Cartilage

Firm, flexible connective tissue

Ligament

fibrous connective tissue, connects bone to bone

Tendon

Cord of connective tissue

Olecranon

Tip of the ulna

Patella

kneecap

Hallux

big toe, innermost joint

Lumbar

L1 to L5 largest part of the spine

Long

arms,legs, and fingers

Short

wrist & ankles

Flat

skull & sternum

Irregular

spine

Movement

helps to bend and reach

Protection

internal organs

Make blood

blood cells made in bone marrow

Support

helps with structure of body

Storage

vitamin & minerals & fat released

Periosteum

covers bones

Compact bones

lies beneath the periosteum

Spongy bones

lies beneath the compact bones

Bone

marrow- fills the gaps between spongy bones

Spiral

twisting

Greenstick

Bone bent

Stress

tiny crack

Compression

loss of bone mass

Oblique

curved or slope

Impacted

shattered

Transverse

right angle to bones axis

Comminuted

several pieces

Buckled

ends forced together

Pathologic

disease weakening

There are __ ribs attached to sternum by costal cartilage

12

Sternum

middle of chest breastbone

Manubrium

Thickest, Squarest, connects 1st pair of ribs

Xiphoid process

lower end of sternum

THR

Total Hip Replacement

TKR

Total Knee replacement

TMJ

Temporomandibular joint (Jaw)

Born with over ___ bones in body, die with ___ as an adult

300,206

Smallest bone in body

stirrup

Largest bone in body

femur

Radiology

Study of x-rays

Hands bones

27

Foot bones

26

Bone healing

takes 6 to 12 weeks for broken bone to heal

What is a bone?

Bones are dense, hard, and slightly elastic.

What are the different layers of bone tissue?

Cartilage, blood vessels, spongy, makes red blood cells

What are the layers of skin?

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis, fatty layer

What are the 4 heart valves?

Tricuspid, aortic, pulmonary, and mitral.

What is OSHA?

Occupational safety & health administration