Reproductive System Flashcards

Questions based on the reproductive system notes

Gonads

Organs that produce gametes and secrete hormones.

Gametes

Sex cells (sperm or ova).

Accessory Sex Glands

Produce materials that support gametes.

Testes

Male gonads that produce sperm and male sex hormones.

Ovaries

Female gonads that produce ova and female sex hormones.

Spermatozoa (Sperm Cells)

Male gametes.

Ova (Egg Cells)

Female gametes.

Epididymis

Duct that stores and matures sperm.

Ductus (Vas) Deferens

Stores mature sperm and propels them toward the urethra during ejaculation.

Urethra

Shared duct of the reproductive and urinary systems in males; passageway for semen and urine.

Seminal Vesicles

Accessory sex gland that secretes an alkaline, viscous fluid containing fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins.

Prostate Gland

Accessory sex gland that secretes a milky, slightly acidic fluid; contributes to ATP production and coagulation/breakdown of semen.

Bulbourethral (Cowper's) Glands

Accessory sex glands that secrete an alkaline fluid to neutralize the acidic environment of the urethra and lubricate the tip of the penis.

Semen (Seminal Fluid)

Sperm + fluid from three accessory sex glands; provides a transport medium, nutrients, and neutralizes acidity.

Penis

Primary external male sex organ for intercourse; introduces sperm into the vagina.

Scrotum

Cutaneous sac that contains and supports the testes.

Spermatogenesis

Process by which seminiferous tubules inside the testes produce sperm.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Stimulates the testes to secrete the hormone testosterone.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Works with testosterone to stimulate spermatogenesis.

Ovaries

Paired glands within the upper pelvic cavity that produce ova and female sex hormones.

Uterine Tubes

Transport oocytes and ova from the ovaries to the uterus; normal sites of fertilization.

Uterus

Organ that functions in transportation of semen, implantation of a fertilized ovum, support/nourishment of a fetus, menstruation, and labor.

Vagina

Receives the penis and sperm during intercourse, passageway for sperm and menstrual flow, forms the lower portion of birth canal.

Vulva

External genitalia of the female.

Mammary Glands/Breasts

Modified sweat glands that produce milk.

Oogenesis

Formation and development of female gametes (oocytes) in the ovary.

Zygote

Fertilized ovum.