BOSH 1-5pages

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

refers to the multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work. It involves identifying workplace hazards, assessing risks, and implementing appropriate control measures to prevent accidents, injuries, and illnesses.

International Labour Organization (ILO)

According to ___ OSH covers "the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations."

Worker’s Health and Safety

The primary goal of OSH is to prevent injuries and illnesses caused by workplace hazards.

Legal Compliance

In the Philippines, Republic Act 11058 requires employers to comply with safety standards or face penalties.

Economic Benefits

Safe workplaces reduce accidents, which in turn minimizes compensation costs, absenteeism, and production delays.

Productive and Quality

Healthy workers are more motivated and productive, which improves overall organizational performance.

Moral Responsibility

Every organization has a duty of care to protect its employees.

International Labour Organization (ILO)

was established in 1919 to promote social justice and labor rights, including workplace safety.

World Health Organization (WHO)

In the modern era, organizations such as the ___ and the development of standards like ISO 45001 (Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems) further strengthened OSH practices.

Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)

In the Philippines, the ___ enforces OSH standards through the Occupational Safety and Health Center (OSHC). The passage of Republic Act 11058 in 2018 mandated stricter compliance, ensuring that all workers have the right to a safe and healthy workplace.

Accident

An unplanned event that results in injury, illness, or damage.

Incident / Near Miss

An unplanned event that did not result in harm but had the potential to do so.

Hazard

Any source or situation with the potential to cause harm

Risk

The probability of a hazard causing harm combined with the severity of its consequences.

Control Measures

Strategies to reduce or eliminate risks, such as engineering controls, administrative policies, and PPE.

RA 11058

Statistics from show that a significant number of work-related accidents occur due to falls, electrocution, exposure to hazardous substances, and improper use of machinery.

To address this, ___ strengthens workers' rights to refuse unsafe work and requires employers to establish safety committees, conduct training, and provide personal protective equipment (PPE). Compliance is not only mandatory but also critical in protecting lives and sustaining businesses.

Occupational Safety and Health Standards (OSHS)

were first issued by the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) in 1978. They set minimum safety and health requirements for all industries.

Republic Act 11058 or the OSH Law

The most important modern law is ____ , signed in 2018, which strengthens compliance and provides penalties for violations. Its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) are contained in DOLE Department Order No. 198-18.

Key Provision of RA 11058

• Employers must provide a safe and healthy workplace.

• Workers must receive OSH training appropriate to their jobs.

• Workers have the right to refuse unsafe work.

• Employers must provide and pay for PPE.

• Safety officers and OSH committees are mandatory.

• Violations are subject to fines ranging from P20,000 to P50,000 per day.

Right of Workers

• Right to Know

• Right to Refuse Unsafe Work

• Right to Report

• Right to Training

Right to Know

Right of Workers should be informed of workplace hazards and protective measures.

Right to Refuse Unsafe Work

Right of Workers may stop work if conditions pose imminent danger.

Right to Report

Right of Employees can report hazards without fear of retaliation.

Right to Training

Right of Workers must receive orientation and continuous OSH education.

Duties of Employers

• Provide a safe working environment.

• Establish OSH programs and committees.

• Supply PPE free of charge.

• Report accidents and illnesses to DOLE.

• Ensure the presence of qualified safety officers.

International Labour Organization (ILO)

Provides conventions and guidelines on OSH.

ISO 45001

International standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management
Systems.

Best Practices

Many multinational companies integrate both local and global OSH standards.

International Standards

• International Labour Organization (ILO):

• ISO 45001:

• Best Practices:

Physical Hazard

Noise, vibration, radiation, extreme temperatures.

Chemical Hazards

Acids, solvents, gases, vapors, fumes.

Biological Hazards

Viruses, bacteria, molds, bloodborne pathogens.

Ergonomic Hazards

Repetitive motions, poor posture, awkward lifting.

Psychosocial Hazards

Stress, workplace harassment, long hours.

Risk Assessment Process

1. Identify hazards

2. Analyze risks

3. Evaluate risks

4. Implement controls

5. Review effectiveness

Identify Hazards

Observe tasks, equipment, and environment.

Analyze Risks

Estimate probability and severity.

Evaluate Risks

Prioritize hazards that require urgent controls.

Implement Controls

Apply hierarchy of controls.

Review Effectiveness

Monitor and update assessments regularly.

Hierarchy of Controls

1. Elimination:

2. Substitution:

3. Engineering Controls:

4. Administrative Controls:

5. PPE:

Elimination

Remove the hazard completely.

Substitution

Replace with safer materials or processes.

Engineering Controls

Isolate hazard (e.g., machine guards, ventilation).

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Last line of defense, such as gloves, helmets, masks.

Administrative Controls

Training, safe work procedures, schedules.