Unit_7_amsco major events

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic downturn that lasted from 1929 until the late 1930s, characterized by high unemployment and a decrease in economic activity.

New Deal

A series of programs and reforms introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, aimed at relief, recovery, and reform.

The Federal Reserve

The central banking system of the United States, established to provide the country with a safer and more flexible monetary and financial system.

Isolationism

A foreign policy approach characterized by a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs or conflicts.

Progressive Movement

A social and political movement from the late 19th century through the early 20th century aimed at addressing problems caused by industrialization and urbanization.

Laissez-faire economics

An economic philosophy of free-market capitalism that opposes government intervention in the economy.

Muckrakers

Investigative journalists in the early 20th century who exposed corruption, social injustices, and abuses of power in business and government.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A New Deal program that provided jobs for young men in environmental projects, such as reforestation and park maintenance.

Social Security Act of 1935

A law that established a social insurance program designed to provide retirement benefits and aid to the unemployed.

Whiskey Rebellion

A 1794 uprising in western Pennsylvania against a federal excise tax on whiskey, highlighting tensions between rural communities and the government.

Battle of the Atlantic

A military campaign during World War II in which the Allies fought against German U-boats and naval forces to control the Atlantic sea routes.

Munich Agreement

A settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia, associated with the policy of appeasement.

Roosevelt Corollary

An addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserting that the U.S. would intervene in Latin America to maintain stability and prevent European intervention.

Fourteen Points

A statement of principles for peace negotiations to end World War I, proposed by President Woodrow Wilson.

Kellogg-Briand Pact

An international agreement in 1928 that prohibited war as a method of resolving disputes, reflecting the desires for peace after World War I.

Dawes Plan

A 1924 plan to restructure Germany’s reparation payments after World War I, aimed at stabilizing the German economy.

War Powers Act of 1973

Legislation aimed at checking the president's power to commit the U.S. to an armed conflict without the consent of Congress.

Pearl Harbor

A U.S. naval base in Hawaii attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, leading to U.S. entry into World War II.

Wagner Act

A 1935 law that established the National Labor Relations Board, protecting workers' rights to organize and bargain collectively.

Tuskegee Airmen

The first African American military aviators in the U.S. Armed Forces, who served during World War II.

Dust Bowl

A period during the 1930s of severe dust storms in the American Midwest, exacerbating the Great Depression and displacing thousands of families.

Reconstruction

The era following the Civil War during which the U.S. government attempted to reintegrate Southern states and ensure rights for newly freed slaves.

FDR's Fireside Chats

A series of evening radio addresses by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to explain his policies and reassure the American public during the Great Depression.

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

A 1933 law designed to stimulate economic recovery by regulating industry and establishing labor standards during the Great Depression.

Axis Powers

The coalition led by Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II, opposed by the Allied Powers.

Brown v. Board of Education

A landmark 1954 Supreme Court decision declaring that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

G.I. Bill

Legislation enacted in 1944 that provided various benefits to returning World War II veterans, including education and housing assistance.

Civil Rights Movement

A decades-long struggle for social justice and equality for African Americans, particularly during the 1950s and 1960s.

Lend-Lease Act

A 1941 program under which the U.S. supplied Allied nations with vast military supplies during World War II, signifying support without direct involvement.

Nuremberg Trials

A series of military tribunals held after World War II to prosecute prominent leaders of Nazi Germany for war crimes.