Animal Sciences - Bats and white nose syndrome

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14 Terms

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Bats

Order: Chiropetra “hand wing”

20% of all mammalian species 1240 bat species

Smallest bat is 2 grams and fits on a finger largest bat has a 5’6” wingspan

  • 20 year lifespan

  • Slow birth rate

  • “Most overlooked yet economically important, nondomesticated animals in North America”

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Chireoptera Suborders

  • Megachiroptera

  • Microchiroptera

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MegaChiroptera

Fruit eating bats

About 30% of bats some tropical plants depend entirely on bats for seed distribution

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Microchiroptera

The more highly specialized group like echolocating

70% of bats are insectivores

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Bat populations in North America

Canada has 19-21 bat species, and about 45 species live in Canada and the US

50% are in a severe population decline

6 bat species are endangered

25 species rely on hibernation

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Bat Economics

A single colony (n=150) of big brown bats consume 1.5 million insects a year

  • pest suppression value of bats (12-173/acre)

  • Value of bats to US agriculture industry 22.9 billion a year

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White Nose Syndrome

  • emerging infectious disease

  • Affects hibernating cave dwelling bats in North America

  • Fungal infection - Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd)

  • First documentation in 2006

  • Mortality 6 million bats in North America

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Bat Species affected by WNS

  • 12 bat species (skin lesions) + 9 species (DNA) (how we detected it)

  • 3 species have declined > 90% duse to WNS

    • northern long eared bat

    • Little brown bat

    • Tricoloured bat

  • Regional extirpation

    • northern long eared bat

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Signs of WNS

  • white fungus on body

  • Flying outside in the day in cold temps

  • Bats clustered near the entrance of hibernacula

  • Dead or dying bats on the ground, buildings, trees during cold months

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Pseudogymnoascus destructans

  • fungal infection of the skin

    • not systemic

  • Temperature growth range

    • 4-20degrees

    • Psychrophile

  • Active bats: 37-40 degrees body temp

  • Hibernating bats 1-16 degrees body temp

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WNS originS

Probably from a European tourist

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Is there a cure fro WNS

Maybe vaccine, of maybe cooling the bats so they are no longer within optimal temp

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