Micro. - Gram (-) organisms bonus

found in the colon; can cause enteric infections, “traveler’s diarrhea”, urinary tract infections; O157:H7 severe infections

Escherichia coli

causes pneumonia and urinary tract infections; opportunistic/nosocomial infections

Klebsiella pneumoniae

causes typhoid fever; only found in humans; can harbor in the gallbladder

Salmonella typhi

causes bacillary dysentery, tenesmus & bloody stool

Shigella dysenteriae

causes cholera, “Rice water stool”; curved rod

Vibrio cholerae

causes bubonic plague (Black Death); refers room temperature; transmitted by fleas

Yersinia pestis

nosocomial infections;  produces red pigment; can be highly resistant

Serratia marcescens

Opportunistic pathogen - problem especially for burn patients; pyocyanin pigment production

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

found in upper respiratory tract; can cause influenza-like disease and meningitis in children; fastidious bacteria

Haemophilus influenzae

causes the STD chancroid

Haemophilus ducreyi

causes whooping cough; produces pertussis toxins; fastidious bacteria

Bordetella pertussis

causes brucellosis, Undulant Fever; zoonotic disease; category B select agent; slow grower

Brucella species

causes tularemia (rabbit fever); category A select agent; grows on chocolate agar better than blood agar

Francisella tularensis

causes gonorrhea - an STD which produces an urethritis; neonatal conjunctivitis

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

causes bacterial meningitis in adolescents and young adults

Neisseria meningitidis

grows in macrophages; causes acute pneumonia; Legionnaire’s disease / Pontiac Fever

Legionella pneumophila

syphilis; only found in humans; microaerophile; can’t be easily cultivated

Treponema pallidum

microaerophilic spiral shaped; causes peptic ulcers;

Helicobacter pylori

anaerobe; oral flora; periodontal disease – “trench mouth”;  associated with colorectal cancer

Fusobacterium nucleatum

leading cause of diarrhea; grows at 42 degrees C; fastidious bacteria

Campylobacter jejuni