Classifying Organisms

dichotomous key

helps to classify and identify an unknown organism

cladogram

relationships among a group of organisms based on their derived characteristics

taxonomic key

the list of classification for the specific organism

classification

the process of grouping things based on their similarities

Why do biologists classify organisms?

organize living things into groups so that organisms are easier to study

taxonomy

the scientific study of how living things are classified

Aristotle

first man to classify organisms

Aristotle organized organisms into what groups

fly, swim, walk, crawl, run

subgroups

smaller groups of organisms that shared other similarities

Linnaeus

Expanded on Aristotle's ideas of classification. He used his observations to devise a naming system for organisms.

Genus

is the first part of an organism's scientific name. It is a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms.

Species

the second part of an organism's scientific name. It is a group of similar organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring in nature. A species name sets one species in a genus apart from another

Binomial Nomenclature

each organism is given a two-part name; *Felis domesticus*

why do we use Binomial Nomenclature

it is easy for scientists to communicate about an organism because everyone uses the same name for the organism

Field Guides

books with illustrations that high-light differences between similar-looking organisms

eight levels of classification pneumonic device

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eight levels of classification

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

kingdom of humans

Animalia

Phylum of humans

Chordata

Class of humans

Mammalia

Order of humans

Primates

Family of humans

Hominidae

Genus of humans

Homo

Species of humans

Sapiens

what domain is Protista in

Eukarya

what domain is Fungi in

Eukarya

what domain is Plantae in

Eukarya

what domain is Animalia in

Eukarya

what domain is Archaebacteria

Archae

what domain is Eubacteria

Bacteria

chordata

getting a notochord

mamalia

milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young

kingdoms

most general section used in classifying organisms

phylum

 morphological or developmental similarity or as a group of organisms with an evolutionary relationship

class

(nothing really, humans are mamalia)

order

what we call them (dolphins, whales)

animalia

can move on your own

primate

opposable thumbs

homindae

bipedal

homo

human or man

sapiens

modern physical characteristics

3 domains

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya