Reproductive System Terminology and Structures

Balan/o

Glans penis

Cervic/o

Cervix

Colp/o

Vagina

Crypt/o

Hidden

Gynec/o

Female

Hemat/o

Blood

Hyster/o

Uterus

Leuk/o

White

Mamm/o

Breast

Mast/o

Breast

Men/o

Menstruation

Metr/o

Uterus

My/o

Muscle

Nat/o

Birth

Olig/o

Scanty

Oophor/o

Ovaries

Orchi/o, orchid/o

Testicles

Ovari/o

Ovaries

Pen/i

Penis

Phall/i

Penis

Salping/o

Fallopian tubes

Spermat/o

Sperm

Testicu/o

Testicles

Uter/o

Uterus

Vagin/o

Vagina

Vas/o

Vas deferens

Dys-

Painful

Endo-

Within

Hyper-

Increased, excessive

Hypo-

Decreased, deficient

Neo-

New

Nulli-

None

Peri-

Surrounding

Poly

Many

Post-

After

Primi-

First

-algia

Pain

-cele

Hernia

-centesis

Surgical puncture to remove fluid

-dynia

Pain

-ectomy

Surgical removal

-genesis

Creation

-gravida

Pregnant

-itis

Inflammation

-ologist

Specialist

-otomy

Surgical incision

-pause

Stopping

-para

To give birth

-pexy

Surgical fixation

-rrhagia

Bleeding

-rrhea

Discharge

-rrhexis

To rupture

-scopy

Visual examination

C-section

Cesarean section

Cx

Cervix

D&C

Dilation and Curettage

DCIS

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

DUB

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

GYN

Gynecology

HPV

Human Papillomavirus

HRT

Hormone Replacement Therapy

IUD

Intrauterine Device

IVF

In Vitro Fertilization

LMP

Last Menstrual Period

NICU

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

OB

Obstetrician

Pap test

Papanicolaou test

PCOS

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

PID

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

PMS

Premenstrual Syndrome

STD

Sexually Transmitted Disease

VBAC

Vaginal Birth After a Cesarean

erectile dysfunction

The inability to achieve or maintain penile erection; also called impotence.

Peyronie's disease

A curvature of the penis during erection; also called penile curvature.

priapism

Painful and persistent erection lasting four or more hours.

cryptorchidism

An abnormal condition of a hidden testicle, meaning one or both testicles are undescended in a newborn.

orchidectomy

Surgical removal of one or both testicles.

orchiopexy

Repair of an undescended testicle.

varicocelectomy

Removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve a varicocele inside the scrotum.

vasectomy

Male sterilization procedure where a small portion of the vas deferens is surgically blocked or cut.

Digital rectal exam (DRE)

A digital rectal exam (DRE) is used to detect tumors within the rectum.

Scrotal ultrasound

A scrotal ultrasound is performed to evaluate disorders within the scrotum, testicles, and epididymis.

Semen analysis

Semen analysis, also called a sperm count, is performed to evaluate freshly ejaculated semen.

Testicular self-exam

Patients are taught to perform a testicular self-exam to detect lumps, swelling, or changes in the scrotum.

Ovaries

The ovaries are two small glands that produce the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Fallopian Tubes

The fallopian tubes are funnel-shaped passages located next to each ovary.

Uterus

The uterus is a hollow, muscular organ where a fertilized egg can develop.

Cervix

The cervix is the narrow lower portion of the uterus.

Vagina

The vagina is a flexible, muscular tube that connects the cervix to the outside of the body.

dermoid cyst (DER-moyd)

Benign tumor containing various tissues, such as teeth, bone, skin, glands, or hair

pelvic inflammatory disease (pel-VICK)

Inflammation within the female reproductive organs not associated with surgery or pregnancy

polycystic ovary syndrome (pol-ee-SIS-tick)

Hormonal imbalance causing irregular menstrual cycles, excess body/facial hair, and acne; also called PCOS

ovarian cyst (oh-VAR-ee-an)

A fluid-filled sac in or on the surface of an ovary

pyosalpinx (pye-oh-SAL-pinks)

Accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube

salpingitis (sal-pin-JIGH-tis)

Inflammation of a fallopian tube caused by a bacterial infection

neonatal conjunctivitis (NEE-oh-nayt-al)

Eye inflammation in a newborn caused by chlamydia or gonorrhea bacteria during birth

myoma (my-OH-mah)

A benign tumor made up of muscle and fibrous tissue; when it occurs within the wall of the uterus it is also called uterine fibroids.

cervical cancer (SER-vih-kal)

A slow-growing squamous cell cancer caused by the human papillomavirus infection.

vaginosis

A common vaginal condition caused by an imbalance of vaginal flora, leading to an overgrowth of certain bacteria.

cystocele

Occurs when the bladder descends into the vaginal space.