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Scalar
Magnitude
Example: If you drive for 3 hours, you traveled 180 km. Your distance is 180 km.
Vector
Magnitude + Direction
Example: If you drive for 3 hours, 100 km to the North and 80 km to the South, your displacement is 20 km to the North.
Distance (scalar)
The total movement of an object, regardless of direction.
Displacement (vector)
Final position minus initial position (xf-xi)
Speed (scalar)
The rate at which an object covers distance relative to time, regardless of direction: distance/time
Average ifVelocity (vector)
Rate of change of displacement in respect to time: Δx/Δt
Average Velocity (vector)
(Only applies if acceleration is a non-zero constant)
(Vf + Vi)/2
Average Acceleration (vector)
Rate of change of velocity in respect to time: Δv/Δt
a(Δt) + Vi = Vf
Formula to find instantaneous velocity
Displacement Function
Δx = 1/2(aΔt²) + ViΔt
Common Form (not time-dependent)
Δx = (Vf² - Vi²)/2a
g (acceleration due to gravity on Earth)
-9.8 m/s²