Physical Education Concepts and Assessments

Physical Education (PE)

An educational program promoting physical fitness, health, and total well-being through active participation in physical activities.

Goal of Physical Education

To develop a healthy, active lifestyle that improves physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being.

Importance of PE

Promotes discipline, confidence, social involvement, teamwork, and lifelong health habits.

UNESCO 1978

Declared Physical Education and Sports as a fundamental human right for all individuals.

UNESCO 1999

Emphasized that learning and enjoying movement is a basic human right essential for education.

UN Resolution 2011

Encouraged all nations to recognize the transformative power of sport and PE for development, health, and peace.

1987 Philippine Constitution Article XIV Section 19

Mandates the state to promote PE and sports programs to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and a healthy citizenry.

Republic Act No. 5708

Schools Physical Education and Sports Development Act of 1969; requires an integrated PE and sports program in all schools.

Purpose of RA 5708

To promote physical growth, mental development, social training, and discipline among students.

Purpose of Tertiary PE

To apply physical activities in daily life and encourage active, service-oriented, and healthy living.

Goals of Tertiary PE

Develop discipline, confidence, stress management, and physical wellness.

Unique Feature of PE

The only subject that requires active physical participation.

Program Outcomes of PE

1. Promotion of active and healthy living 2. Advocacy and promotion of physical fitness and wellness.

Physical Fitness

The body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in daily activities.

Health-Related Fitness

Fitness components that contribute to overall wellness and prevent lifestyle diseases.

Skill-Related Fitness

Components that improve performance and athletic ability.

Fitness Testing

A method of assessing an individual's level of fitness using various tests.

Purpose of Fitness Testing

To identify strengths and weaknesses, measure progress, set goals, determine health status, and motivate improvement.

Specificity

Fitness tests must measure the specific component they are designed to assess.

Validity

A test must accurately measure what it claims to measure.

Objectivity

Results must be consistent regardless of the tester.

Reliability

Test results must be repeatable under the same conditions.

Cardiovascular Endurance

The ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to working muscles during prolonged activity.

Muscular Strength

The maximum force a muscle or group of muscles can exert against resistance.

Muscular Endurance

The ability of muscles to perform repeated contractions without fatigue.

Flexibility

The ability of joints to move through their full range of motion.

Body Composition

The ratio of body fat to lean body mass, including muscles, bones, and water.

Agility

The ability to change direction quickly while maintaining control and balance.

Balance

The ability to maintain stability whether stationary or moving.

Coordination

The ability to use senses and body parts together smoothly and efficiently.

Reaction Time

The time it takes to respond to a stimulus.

Speed

The ability to move quickly from one point to another.

Power

The ability to exert maximum force quickly by combining strength and speed.

Fitness Test Protocol

A standardized set of tests used to assess various components of physical fitness.

Purpose of Fitness Test Protocols

To evaluate fitness level, monitor progress, identify goals, and ensure safe exercise.

Personal Maximum Heart Rate (PMHR)

The highest number of beats per minute an individual's heart can reach safely during exercise.

PMHR Formula

220 − Age.

Target Heart Rate (THR)

The ideal intensity zone for cardiovascular exercise, usually 60-85% of PMHR.

Importance of THR

Ensures safe and effective exercise intensity for improving cardiovascular fitness.

Examples of Fitness Tests

3-minute step test, sit-and-reach test, push-ups, sit-ups, BMI.

Principles of Good Fitness Tests

Specificity, Validity, Objectivity, Reliability.

Health-Related Fitness Components

Cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition.

Skill-Related Fitness Components

Agility, balance, coordination, reaction time, speed, power.

UNESCO Definition of PE

Declared PE as essential for physical, mental, and social development and a human right.

Republic Act No. 5708 Main Focus

Ensures PE and sports contribute to education, discipline, and athletic excellence.

Outcome of Tertiary PE

To develop lifelong habits of fitness, self-discipline, and advocacy for health.

Main Purpose of PE in Education

To promote total human development through movement and exercise.

Importance of Fitness Testing

To identify current fitness level and plan effective programs for improvement.

PE Core Contribution

Builds physical health, mental discipline, and social cooperation.