Island Biogeography Theory and Conservation

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on Island Biogeography Theory (IBT), its implications for conservation and fragmentation, and specific ecological studies in Madagascar.

What does Island Biogeography Theory (IBT) predict about species number as island area increases?

As area increases, the number of species increases and the probability of extinctions decreases.

Who were the key figures in the development of Island Biogeography Theory?

E. O. Wilson and Robert MacArthur.

What are the three main principles of Island Biogeography Theory?

1. As the number of species increases, immigration decreases and extinctions increase. 2. As area increases, the number of species increases and the probability of extinctions decreases. 3. As distance from the mainland increases, the number of species decreases and the probability of extinctions increases.

What does the SLOSS debate stand for?

Single Large or Several Small reserves.

What is the main idea of the SLOSS debate?

It contests the idea that reserves should always consist of a single, large area, advocating instead for multiple smaller reserves.

What is one negative impact of fragmentation on species in Madagascar?

Fragmented habitats can lead to altered behavioral patterns and inhibit species' abilities to traverse matrix environments, restricting gene flow.

What does the 'source-sink dynamics' refer to in conservation biology?

It refers to the concept where 'source' habitats support population growth, while 'sink' habitats experience local extirpation due to lower quality.

What is an example of a species affected by fragmentation in Madagascar?

Northern Sportive Lemur (Lepilemur septentrionalis).

What factors do modern conservation assessments consider when evaluating fragmentation?

Scale, edge effects, source-sink dynamics, connectivity, and species characteristics.

How has human activity affected forest cover in Madagascar?

Significant anthropogenic forest loss due to reliance on forest products for income, resulting in over 90% of lemur species being threatened with extinction.