Karyotypes

Down Syndrome

• Trisomy 21

• Chromosomal abnormality

• In which an individual has 3 copies of chromosome number 21

• The extra chromosomes means that the excess genetic information & an unpaired chromosome in every cell

Edwards Syndrome 

• Trisomy 18

• Approx: 1:6000 live births

• Many organ system defects

• Low survival rate & most fetuses die before birth

Patau Syndrome

• Trisomy 13

• Approx 1:25,000 births

• Three copies of chromosomes found in chromosome 13

• Severe developmental issues and kidney and heart defects

• Very low survival rate

Klinefelter's Syndrome 

• XXY

• Two X and one Y sex chromosome 

• Approx : 1:500 male births 

• Males usually sterile and exhibits some feminine characteristic

Turner syndrome

• Monosomy X

• Only 1 X chromosome found in the 23 chromosome

• 1:2500 female births

• Female appearance may mature however they may not receive their menstrual cycle and are sterile (cannot reproduce)