Physiology 201 Lab 1.2: Histology and Integumentary System Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering primary and specific tissue types, epithelial tissue characteristics, and the principal layers of the skin from Physiology 201 Lab 1.2.

Four Primary Tissue Types

Connective Tissue, Epithelial Tissue, Muscle Tissue, and Nervous Tissue.

Tissue Naming Convention

(Specific tissue name) + (Primary tissue name) tissue (for example, Cardiac muscle tissue).

Lumen

The empty internal space or cavity within a hollow or tubular biological structure, vessel, or organ.

Squamous Cell Shape

An epithelial cell shape characterized by flat, squished cells where width is greater than height ($W > H$), bulging where the nucleus is located like a fried egg yolk.

Cuboidal Cell Shape

An epithelial cell shape characterized by cube-like cells where width is equal to height ($W = H$) containing a round nucleus.

Columnar Cell Shape

An epithelial cell shape characterized by tall, column-like cells where width is less than height ($W < H$) containing an oval nucleus.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A single layer of flattened cells functioning in secretion, diffusion, and filtration. Found in the mesothelium, alveoli, glomerular capsule, and endothelium of capillaries.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A single layer of cube-shaped cells with round nuclei functioning in absorption and secretion. Found in kidney tubules' walls and glands.

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A single layer of tall cells with oval nuclei at relatively equal levels functioning in absorption, secretion, moving CSF, and sweeping ova. Found in the stomach lining, uterine tubes, and central canal of the spinal cord.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Multiple layers of flat cells functioning in protection from abrasion. Found on the skin surface and lining the mouth, esophagus, vagina, and rectum.

Transitional Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells that change shape between cuboidal and squamous, functioning as a protection barrier that permits distension. Located in the urinary bladder lining and parts of the ureters and urethra.

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

A tissue giving the illusion of several layers because cells are of different shapes and heights, though all touch the basement membrane. Features cilia and goblet cells to secrete and move mucus in the nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi lining.

Epidermis

The outer layer of skin composed of stratified squamous epithelium containing keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells.

Dermis

The principal layer of skin located deep to the epidermis, primarily made up of connective tissue.

Principal Layers of Skin

The three primary layers that comprise the integument: Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis.

Goblet Cells

Specialized cells interspersed within simple columnar and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia that produce and secrete mucus.