Elements, mixtures and compounds - unit 1

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Chemistry

8th

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36 Terms

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element
the simplest chemical substance made up of only one atom
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compounds
A substance containing two or more different elements react and chemically bonded together.
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mixture
two or more substances (elements or compounds) which are not chemically joined together.
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atom
the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist
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molecule
a group of two or more atoms chemically bounded together
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solute
substance getting dissolved
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solvent
substance that dissolves other substances
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solution
a mixture of two or more substances
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dissolve
when a substance dissolves in a substance to make a solution
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soluble
a substance that can dissolve
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residue
that part remaining as a solid on a filter paper after a liquid passes through in the filtration procedure
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filtrate
a substance that has been filtered
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distillate
A distillate is the substance in a distillation that is collected and condensed into a pure liquid.
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evaporation
when a liquid turns into a gas
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condensation
when a gas turns into a liquid
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boiling
a liquid to gas, usually occurring when a liquid is heated to its boiling point.
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what are the particles like in a solid?
particles are closed together and are in a regular arrangement
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what are particles like in a liquid?
particles are spread out and each particle consists of a molecules
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what are particles like in a liquid?
particles are spread out and they are single and called atoms
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where are metals found on the periodic table?
left hand side
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whereare non-metals found on the periodic table?
right hand side
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what are the elements near the dividing line?
semi-metals as the have mixed properties
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what does the staircase show?
the change from metals to non-metals
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what is the difference between -ide and -ate?
-ide is for 2 elements whereas -ate is for 3 elements
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what is the word equation for the changes during a chemical reaction?
Reactants -> Products
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how does filtration work?
poor substance in the funnel where the filter paper is inside. filtrate goes in the flask and the residue stay in the paper
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how does crystallisation work?
heat substance. once boiling, put the glass rod in it and then take it out.
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how does distillation work?
heat solution, water evaporates, vapour passes through condenser, vapour condenses, vapour cools, water is collected in beaker
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what is chromatography?
a method to separate a mixture of substances that are soluble in the same solvent
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chromotogram
pattern produces on filterpaper
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solvent front
highest level moved by solvent
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start line
level at which the original mixture as placed
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mobile phase
moves high up
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stationery phase
stays near the solvent
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what is an Rf value?
Rf values tell us how far a specific substance has moved in a specific solvent.
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what is the Rf equation?
distance moved by a spot/ distance moved by the solvent front