Ecology
The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment
Organism
Any living thing
environment
all the living and nonliving things that surround an organism
Biotic
Any part of environment is living
Abiotic
Part of an environment that never live
Euglenoid
a flagellated unicellular algae
Flagella
whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
Population
A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
species
A group of organisms that are closed related
community
All the different populations that live together in the same habit
Habitat
The specific environment which organism live in
Ecosystem
A community of biotic organisms and their abiotic environment
Biosphere
The earth and it organism and environment
brine shrimp
Crustaceans that inhabit salt water
Producer
An organism that can make its own food by surrounding energy (plant
Consumer
An organism that eats other organisms
Decomposer
Organism get energy from breaking down remain of dead organisms
Herbivore
A organisms that eats only plants.
Carnivore
Organism that only eat animal
Omnivore
Organism that eat both animal and plant
food chain
Model show how energy move from a producer to more consumer
Food web
Model of energy transfer through food chain
energy Pyramid
model of energy transfer that can show how food chains in community are interconnected
Carrying capacity
amount of organism live in a region if it too big it will die to restore environment
Prey
Organism that get killed eaten by other organism
Predator
Organism that eats all or part of organism
Symbiosis
where two different organism live in close association with each other there are 3 type
Commensalism
Where one organism benefits and the other unharmed
Parasitism
Organism benefit other organism and the other harmed
Mutualism
both organism benefit from each other
Marine ecosystems
ecosystems in the ocean
Plankton
Tiny organism base of the ocean food chain
Phytoplankton
plant plankton (Producer)
zooplankton
animal feed on phytoplankton
Estuary
freshwater from river mixes with salt from ocean
Interidal zone
near the shore: mudflats, sandy beaches wave always crashing on the rock and sand
Neritic Zone
Fater from shore, water deeper, still have enough light
Oceanic zone
The sea floor drops sharply, deep water of the open ocean
Benthic zone
deep sea floor deepest part of benthic zone does not have sunlight
Coral reef
Small animal named coral in Neritic Zone
Ocean deep zone
700-1200 meter bellow surface
Freshwater ecosystems
Include river swamp Some water will move quick other remain stagnate
Wetland ecosystem
Are sometimes underwater or whose soil .
Marsh
A treeless wetland where plant grow vary depending on depth of water
Swamp
Wetland that trees, shrubs, and vine grow
Polar ice
marine system around Arctica antarctica Icy water rich in nutrients
Glacier
large mass ice move slow over land
vally glacier
mountain side g;acier
Contintal glacier
Glacier that cover much of continent or large island
Ice berg
Ice broken of glacier fresh water ice long than 15m
Ice berg claving
ice berg baby The breaking of large ice from edge of glacier
fjord
form by glacier long narrow inlet with steep sides
shoal
Natureal submerged ridge, bank or covered by sand or other loose material
plant succession
replace for one type of plant community by another at a single place over time
Biome
large area of specific type climate and certain plant animal
Desert
area has no life or little long without rain
nocturnal
Organism active at night, sleep during the day
succulent plant
resistance plant water storing leaves (cactus)
Savannah
a grassland that has scattered clumps of trees and seasonal rains
Deciduous forest
Contain deciduous trees (Average rainfall 29.5-49-inch summer 82 F, winter 43 F)
coniferous forest
Have special thick wax leaves (Average rainfall 14 - 29.5 inches) Temperatures summer 57 F, winter 14 F
Tropical rain forest
Forest have more than 100 tree types (Average yearly rainfall 157.5 inches) temperature Day 93 F and Night 68 F
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)
Any organism whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Genetic material found in the nucleus of the cell
Genetic Engineering
Methods used to alter the DNA of an organism (2 primary method to alter DNA are insertion and modification
Insertion
Organism is inserted with DNA from another organism
Environmental Problem/solution
The impact of human activities on the environment and how the good and bad effects the competition for energy and resources in ecosystems
Invasive species
Animal that doesn't belong to that area that become problematic
Endangered Species
A species that is a serious risk of extinction
Captive Breeding Program
Breeding and raising organism under conditions
Biodiversity
The number and variety of organisms in a given are/habitat during a specific of time. Habitat is damaged, Biodiversity lost
Littoral zone
Near shore in the lake
Open water zone
More deep but still have sunlight 2nd zone of lake
Benthic zone
Deepest zone in lake