Te ao Māori - Kaitiakitanga and Taonga

This flashcard set covers the key concepts of Te ao Māori, Mātauranga Māori, Kaitiakitanga, and Taonga, including historical shifts, commensal species, and native species translocation.

Mātauranga Māori

The combined knowledge of Polynesian ancestors and the experiences of Māori living in the environment of Aotearoa.

Kaitiakitanga

The obligation, arising from the kin relationship, to nurture or care for a person or thing.

Taonga

Anything that is treasured, including tangible things like land, waters, and wildlife, as well as intangible things such as language, identity, and culture.

Whanaungatanga (Whakapapa)

The concept of kinship or genealogical connection.

Te ao Māori

The Māori world.

Rāhui

A temporary ban or closed season placed on an area or resource as a tool for resource management.

Whenua

Māori term meaning land.

Taiao

Māori term meaning the environment.

Kiore

The Pacific rat ($Rattus \text{ } exulans$), an introduced species that is considered both a pest and a taonga species.

Kurī

The Pacific dog, an introduced taonga species used for food, clothing, hunting, and ritual, which went extinct by the 1860s.

Archaic period

The archaeological period from 1300 to 1500 characterized by hunter-gatherer lifestyles, big game hunting, and less modification of the landscape.

Classic period

The archaeological period from 1500 to 1642 characterized by fortified Pā, large gardens, warfare, and more modification of the landscape, largely in the North Island.

Karaka

($Corynocarpus \text{ } laevigatus$); a native plant species whose southern distribution correlates with Māori archaeological sites due to active translocation.

Toheroa

($Paphies \text{ } ventricosa$); a threatened surf clam whose distribution and genetic structure may be explained by historical translocations by Māori.

Piharau

Lamprey eels, which became an important protein source for Māori following the extinction of the moa.

Kūmara

Sweet potato; a plant brought to New Zealand from South America via East Polynesia.

Hue

Bottle gourd; a plant brought to New Zealand from South America via East Polynesia.

Aute

Paper mulberry; one of the commensal plants established in New Zealand by Polynesian ancestors.

Tī pore

The Pacific cabbage tree established in New Zealand by Polynesian voyagers.

Kunekune

A type of pig introduced to New Zealand following contact with Europeans.

Hōiho

Māori term for horses, which were adopted by iwi following European contact.

Taewa

Māori term for potatoes, which were introduced after European contact.

Wai 262

A Waitangi Tribunal claim and 2011 report (Ko Aotearoa Tēnei) concerning Māori rights and guardianship over indigenous species and Mātauranga Māori.