Nail Technology and Skin Health Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering skin anatomy, nail disorders, sanitation standards, chemical properties, and nail enhancement techniques derived from the lecture transcript.

Sebaceous glands

Glands not found on the palms of the body.

UVB rays

Rays that penetrate the epidermis and cause the skin to tan by affecting the skin pigment.

Elastin

A protein similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue.

redheads and blue-eyed blondes

Which of the following are most susceptible to sun damage?

UVA and UVB rays

Which of the following can the skin not protect the body from without assistance?

Integumentary system

The body system of which fingernails and toenails are part.

Trumpet nail

A form of dramatically increased nail curvature.

Onychosis

A condition presenting as an inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the natural nail plate.

Natural nail keratin

A protein that is more durable than the keratin found in hair or skin.

Nail bed

The portion of living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge.

blood vessels

The matrix area contains nerves, lymph, and ____ to nourish the matrix cells.

Eponychium

The living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area.

Hyponychium

The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the nail plate.

Paronychia

A bacterial inflammation of the tissues surrounding the nail.

injury to the matrix

Onychomadesis can be traced to a localized infection, ____, or a systemic illness.

OSHA standards

Standards that address issues relating to the right to know about potentially hazardous ingredients in products and how to avoid them.

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

The agency that registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States.

Inflammation

A condition characterized by redness, heat, pain, and/or swelling.

MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

A bacterial infection that, without proper treatment, can become systemic and result in death.

Pus

A physical sign indicating the presence of a bacterial infection.

The skin is broken

In the salon, spa, or barbershop, the spread of bloodborne pathogens is possible whenever _____.

Immune

AIDS is a _____ disease that breaks down the body's system.

Sterilization

The process that destroys all microbial life, including spores.

Autoclave

A device required for effective sterilization.

Antiseptics

Products that generally contain a high volume of alcohol.

Bleach

A substance that can be irritating to the lungs if the fumes are inhaled.

Stop the service immediately

Should you accidentally cut a client, your first action should be to.

Neither monomer liquids or adhesives

Which nail enhancement system will form fumes?

Nail polish base coat

A specific type of primer used in gel nail services.

Acid-base primer

A corrosive primer containing methacrylic acid.

burns and scars

A corrosive acid-based primer containing methacrylic acid that can cause painful _____ to soft tissue and eyes.

Cuticle area

Proper preparation of the nail plate for nail enhancements includes removing all dead tissue from the side walls and _____ as well as bacteria, fungi, oil, and moisture from the nail plate.

Polymers

The gigantic chains of molecules that make up UV gels, wraps, and adhesives.

Initiator

A special ingredient that triggers polymerization.

Catalyst

An additive designed to speed up chemical reactions.

Thermal initiators

Agents in liquid and powder systems that gather energy from the heat of the room or hand.

Scope of practice

The list of services a technician is legally allowed to perform as set forth by the state regulatory agency.

A clean towel

What should you use to cover the client's arm cushion?

3

How many complete sets of implements should a professional nail technician have on hand?

Nail file grit rule

The rule of thumb where the lower the grit, the more aggressive its action.

Soap; 90

An infection-control tool known to remove over __% of pathogenic microbes if performed properly.

Cuticle remover

A product designed to loosen and dissolve dead tissue on the nail plate.

Avoid using sharp implements

When performing manicure services on a client with a weakened immune system, or other physical or mental disorder, it is important to ____.

Adhesion of polish

A base coat creates a colorless layer on the natural nail and nail enhancement that promotes ____.

Pétrissage

A type of massage also known as kneading.

Paraffin wax treatments

Treatments designed to trap moisture in the skin while heat encourages skin pores to accept benefits.

Skin drag

Resistance or friction encountered during massage without enough lotion or cream.

Microtrauma

Tiny unseen openings in the skin that may allow entry by pathogenic microbes, often caused by shaving legs within $24$ hours of a pedicure.

Medium-grit

1. For most clients, a _____ nail file is recommended for pedicures.

A chronic illness

You should not use metal pushers or sharp implements on clients who have _____.

Foot soaks

Products put into the water of a pedicure bath to soften the skin on the feet.

Oil-based creams

Exfoliating scrubs are usually _____ that contain an abrasive as the exfoliating agent.

Effleurage

The technique performed during a pedicure service near the end of the foot massage is called _____.

Bactericide

Salons must always use an EPA-registered hospital disinfectant that is labeled a broad spectrum _____, viricide, and fungicide.

Can prevent ingrown nails

Nail technicians ______.

using polish remover to remove oils and lotion from the nail

During a pedicure, what should you do following the foot massage and prior to applying the base coat?

RPM (Revolutions Per Minute)

The unit used to measure the speed of electric files.

Concentric bits

Bits commonly referred to as being balanced.

Grit

The number of abrasive particles per square inch on an electric file bit.

Ring of fire

A groove carved into the nail by filing with bits at the incorrect angle.

French fill bits

Which bit is made in diamond style only, but comes in several sizes?

removing a gel sealant from enhancement products

Sanding bands are generally used for shortening and shaping the top surface of the nails or ____.

Silicon

There are four main types of bits used in the salon: diamond, carbide, natural, and ___.

Microshattering

Nail damage commonly caused by wear with age or improper, overly aggressive filing.

Parallel to the nail

When using an electric file, it is important to keep the bit ____.

Flat tipped barrel

Which bit would be used to repair a crack?

can alleviate stress and pressure on the hands and wrist

Using an electric file _____.

Overlay

A layer of any kind of nail enhancement product applied over the surface of the nail for added strength.

Stress area

The point where the natural nail grows beyond the finger and becomes the free edge.

Nail dehydrator

A product made from butyl acetate that temporarily stops the nail from producing moisture and natural oil.

Apex

The high point of the nail, which is oval-shaped and in the center.

Nail resins

Enhancement products made from cyanoacrylate.

Silk wraps

Wraps made from a thin natural material with a tight weave that becomes transparent when wrap resin is applied.

Rebalance

The process of structurally correcting a nail wrap enhancement to ensure strength, shape, and durability.

Acetone

A solvent used to remove fabric wraps and soft UV gels.

Viscosity

The term used when discussing the thickness of a liquid, specifically a resin liquid.

EMA (Ethyl methacrylate)

The common chemical name for monomer liquid used in nail enhancements.

MMA (Methyl methacrylate)

A substance not recommended for use on nails that is illegal in some states and creates rigid enhancements.

Medium bead

A bead created by mixing $1\frac{1}{2}$ parts more monomer liquid than polymer powder.

Sable

The hair type, along with kolinsky, used to compose the best nail brushes for monomer and polymer products.

Nanometer

A scale used to identify a certain color and intensity of light.

Building gel

A thick-viscosity UV gel used to add thickness and build an arch and extension to the nail.

Urethane methacrylate

A special type of acrylate used in traditional UV or LED gels.

Secondary color

A color created by mixing equal parts of two primary colors.

Tertiary color

The result of mixing equal parts of one primary color and its nearest secondary color.

Marbleizing

A swirled effect created by combining two or more colors while wet on the nail.

Smile line

The curved line where the pink and white colors meet in a French manicure.

Spotter brush

A nail art brush also commonly known as a detailer.

Mixed media

A description for nail art when more than one nail art medium is used to create a design.

Basal cell carcinoma

The least severe and most common type of skin cancer.