AP WORLD UNIT 8 FLASHCARDS

Tehran Conference: 1943

Soviets agree to focus on liberating Eastern Europe while American forces focus on Western Europe

Yalta Conference: February 1945

Stalin wants an Eastern European buffer zone to protect her against German invasion

San Fran Conference: October 1945

The UN, an international body whose goal is to maintain peace through diplomacy is created.

Potsdam Conference: July 1945

Allied leaders discuss post-war order, including Germany's reconstruction and the handling of territories.

Self Determination

The principle that nations have the right to determine their own political status and govern themselves without external interference.

Satellite Countries

Small states that are economically and or politically dependent on a larger state

Iron Curtain

soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe

Berlin Blockade 1948

US flies supplies into Berlin to prevent city from starving

The Non-Alignment Movement

a group of countries that avoided political or economic ties with the USSR or USA

Bandung Conference 1955

a meeting between china, india, and 27 other countries to condemn colonialism and the superpowers

Jawaharlal Nehru

prime minister of India who avoided alliances with Soviets or Americans

Kwame Nkrumah

first president of ghana, led ghana to independence from great britain

Pan-Africanism

african nationalist movement that celebrated unity and culture

Gamel Nasser

2nd prime minister of Egypt

Sukarno

1st president of indonesia who hosted bandung conference

Mutually Assured Destruction

a military doctrine that said neither side will attack the other in fear of destroying the entire planet

Sputnik

world’s first satellite (USSR)

Yuri Gagarin

first man to enter space (USSR)

Neil Armstrong

first man on the moon (USA)

Korean War 1950-1953

was a proxy war

Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)

a stretch of neutral land along the 38th parallel separating North and South Korea

Ho Chi Minh

Vietnamese communist leader who fought against france and the us

Ngo Dinh Diem

unpopular and corrupt south vietnamese leader backed by us due to capitalist alignment

bay of pigs invasion 1961

us failed attempt to oust fidel castro, the communist leader of cuba

Nikita Krushchev

soviet leader of russia who sent nuclear missiles to cuba, directly threatening the US

Angola

former portuguese colony that won its independence in 1975

Sandinistas

socialist rebels who took control of Nicaragua in 1979

Contras

us backed rebel group that fought against the Sandinistas

Second Sino Japanese War

japan attacked china in the early 1930s

Chiang Kai shek

leader of nationalist party of china

Jacob Arbenz

socialist guatemalan leader (was “removed”)

Mengistu Haile Mariam

socialist leader in ethiopia who aligned with Soviet Union

Villagization

policy that relocated peasants to planned communes with collectivized farming

Mohammad Mossadegh

Iranian socialist prime minister

Muhammad Pahlavi

a western backed dictator

Ayatollah Khomeini

a religious conservative who disagreed with the Shah’s secular policies

Indira Gandhi

first female prime minister of india, socialist

Julius Nyerere

1st president (dictator) of Tanzania

Metropole

large city of former colonial power where immigrants moved to ex. london

Wladyslaw Gomulka

polish communist leader who ended collectivization

Imre Nagy

hungarian leader who declared independence from USSR

Prague Spring 1968

period of political liberalization and mass protest in Czechoslovakia

Alexander Dubcek

communist leader who increased freedom of speech and travel