Chapter 10: Obesity, Body Composition, and Eating Disorders

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to obesity, body composition, energy balance, and eating disorders.

Obesity

A condition characterized by excessive and unhealthy amounts of body fat.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A numerical value that reflects body weight adjusted for height, used to classify individuals as underweight, healthy, overweight, or obese.

Underweight

BMI less than 18.5.

Healthy Weight

BMI between 18.5 and 24.9.

Overweight

BMI between 25.0 and 29.9.

Obese

BMI between 30.0 and 39.9.

Extremely Obese

BMI of 40 or above.

Fat-Free Mass

The weight of all body components except fat, including organs, bones, and water.

Total Body Fat

The total fat content of the body, including essential fat and adipose tissue.

Essential Fat

Fat that is vital for survival, found in cell membranes, certain bones, and nervous tissue.

Subcutaneous Fat

Fat that is located beneath the skin and serves to insulate and protect the body.

Visceral Fat

Fat that surrounds internal organs and is associated with an increased risk of health issues.

Basal Metabolism

The minimum number of calories the body needs to maintain vital physiological activities while at rest.

Catabolic Reactions

Chemical reactions that release energy by breaking down larger molecules.

Anabolic Reactions

Chemical reactions that require energy to build larger molecules from smaller ones.

Appetite

The desire to eat food, often influenced by environmental and psychological factors.

Satiety

The feeling of fullness that signals the body to stop eating.

Caloric Deficit

A state where calorie intake is less than calories burned, leading to weight loss.

Bariatric Surgery

Surgical procedures to treat obesity by modifying the digestive system.

Intragastric Balloon

A device placed in the stomach to promote weight loss by creating a feeling of fullness.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation and excessive weight loss.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors.

Binge-Eating Disorder (BED)

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without purging.

Muscle Dysmorphia

An eating disorder characterized by an obsessive preoccupation with being too small or not muscular enough.

Athlete Triad

A condition in athletes consisting of low energy availability, abnormal reproductive function, and reduced bone mineral density.

Energy Balance

The relationship between energy intake and energy expenditure.

Caloric Needs

The total amount of energy (calories) a person needs to consume to maintain their current weight.

Fiber

A type of carbohydrate that the body cannot digest, important for digestive health.

Energy Density

The amount of energy (calories) per weight of food; low energy-dense foods are often healthier.

Nutrition Counseling

Guidance provided by a nutrition expert to help individuals make informed dietary choices.

Weight Control

Strategies and practices aimed at achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight.

Nutrient-Dense Foods

Foods that provide a high amount of nutrients relative to their calorie content.

Commercial Weight-Loss Programs

Structured programs that provide diet plans and support to help individuals lose weight.

Weight-Loss Medications

Pharmaceuticals prescribed to aid in weight loss, often in conjunction with diet and exercise.