ABM Practical Research 2 – Lesson Highlights: Statement of the Problem to Hypothesis

A set of practice flashcards covering key concepts from Lesson 1 through Lesson 6 of the ABM Practical Research 2 notes, focusing on Statement of the Problem, Scope and Delimitation, Significance, Research Design, Sampling, and Hypothesis.

What are the two parts of the Statement of the Problem as described in Lesson 1?

General Problem and Specific Problem.

What does a SMART research question stand for?

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-bound.

In the example of the financial literacy study, what are the sub-questions under the Specific Questions?

Budgeting, Saving, Managing debt, and Investing.

What is the purpose of the General Problem section?

To describe the broad issue or area of concern that sets the stage for the specific problem.

What is the purpose of the Specific Problem section?

To clearly define the issue that needs to be addressed.

What does the Significance of the Study explain?

Why the research is important and who will benefit from it.

How are Scope and Delimitation defined in a study?

Scope defines the range and boundaries of the project; Delimitation defines the specific aspects the study will focus on.

What are the two broad categories of quantitative research design mentioned?

Non-experimental designs and Experimental designs.

Name the non-experimental designs listed.

Descriptive, Correlational, and Comparative.

What does a Descriptive design describe?

The nature, characteristics, and components of the population or phenomenon; manipulation of variables is not applicable.

What does a Correlational design study?

Relationships between two or more variables and the degree of their relationship.

What does a Comparative design do?

Compares two or more groups, variables, situations, or phenomena to identify similarities and differences.

What are the subtypes of Comparative studies listed?

Cross-sectional, Longitudinal, and Cross-national/Cross-cultural.

What are the three characteristics of True Experimental design?

Randomly formed groups; manipulation of the treatment; and comparisons among groups.

What is a One Group Posttest Only Design?

A single group is measured on a dependent variable after an intervention; no control group.

What is a Two Group Posttest Only Design?

Two groups are measured after an intervention: an experimental group with intervention and a control group without intervention.

What is a Pretest-Posttest Design?

Experimental group is measured before and after the intervention; a control group may be included.

What is Quasi-Experimental Research?

Similar to true experimental design but without random assignment of subjects.

Name the four probability sampling procedures listed.

Simple Random, Systematic Random, Stratified Random, Cluster Sampling.

What is Convenience Sampling?

Gathers data from nearby sources with minimal effort.

What is Snowball (Chain-Referral) Sampling?

Existing subjects recruit others; useful for rare traits.

What is Quota Sampling?

Units are chosen with quotas to ensure representation of specific traits.

What is Voluntary Sampling?

Units are volunteers.

What is Purposive Sampling?

Judgemental or subjective sampling chosen for a special purpose.

What is a Hypothesis?

An educated guess or prediction about the relationship between variables; a statement that is testable in quantitative research.

What are Null and Alternative Hypotheses (Ho and Ha)?

Ho: There is no effect, difference, or relationship. Ha: There is an effect, difference, or relationship.

When should a hypothesis be included in a study?

When the research tests relationships, differences, or effects (experimental, quasi-experimental, correlational, or comparative designs); not for purely descriptive studies.