Post WWII US history

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Baby Boom

the larger than expected generation in United States born shortly after World War II

Generation Gap

The cultural seperation between children and their parents

Poverty Line

a level of personal income defining the state of poverty

Space Race

a competition of space exploration between the United States and Soviet Union

New Frontier

The campaign program advocated by JFK in the 1960 election. He promised to revitalize the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights.

Warren Commission

Commission made by LBJ after killing of John F. Kennedy. (Point is to investigate if someone paid for the assasination of Kennedy.) Conclusion is that Oswald killed Kennedy on his own. Commissioner is Chief Justice Warren.

Great Society

President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.

War on Poverty

President Lyndon B. Johnson's program in the 1960's to provide greater social services for the poor and elderly

Bay of Pigs

In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure.

Missile Crisis

in cuba it had shaken both american and soviet officials. In all the years of cold war, the world never came closer to a full

Vietnam

a prolonged war (1954

credibility gap

lack of trust or believability

Hawks

those who supported the war

Doves

people who opposed the war

United Nations

an international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development.

Satellite Nations

a country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation

Containtment

the blocking of another nation's attempts to spread its influence

Cold War

the state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II.

Truman Doctrine

a U.S. policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents.

Marshall Plan

the program, proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the United States supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after World War II.

Berlin Airlift

the U.S. and U.K. delivered more than 2.3 million tons of food, fuel and supplies to West Berlin via more than 278,000 airdrops

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NOTA)

a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the United States, and Canada.

Korean War

a conflict between North Korea and South Korea, lasting from 1950 to 1953, in which the United States, along with other UN countries,

Hollywood Ten

ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC's investigation of Communist influence in Hollywood.

Blacklist

a list of about 500 actors, writers, producers, and directors who were not allowed to work on Hollywood films because of their alleged Communist connections.

McCarthyism

the attacks, often unsubstantiated, by Senator Joseph McCarthy and others on people suspected of being Communists in the early 1950s

infiltration

the act of penetrating a group or organization without being noticed for purposes such as spying

Hydrogen Bomb

Worse than the Atom bomb

Dwight D. Eisenhower

American general and the 34th President of the United States (1953

John Foster Dulles

American diplomat and politician who as U.S. secretary of state (1953

Brinkmanship

the practice of threatening an enemy with massive military retaliation for any aggression

Warsaw Pact

a military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites

Eisenhower Doctrine

U.S. commitment to defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country, announced by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1957.

Truman Doctrine

Under this approach, the US supported any nations threatened by communism using $ or any other means possible.

Berlin Crisis

Occurred when the countries controlling the zones in western Germany decided to unite them; Stalin had other plans.

superpower

A nation with the ability to influence economic and political events around the world is called this.

babyboomer

3,548,000 of these contributed to the youth culture of the 1950s.

GI bill

For returning soldiers this provided Federal funds for education, businesses and new homes.

Nikita Khrushchev

This was the Soviet leader during the 1950s and Cuban Missile Crisis.

Mao Zedong

This person led a successful communist revolution in China in 1949.

Marshall Plan

George Marshall created this plan to rebuild Europe by loaning $17 billion to countries in need, but they must buy American.

Syngman Rhee

This South Korean leader was an ally of the US during the Korean War.

Sputnik

The successful launch of this satellite put fear in the hearts of Americans and started the Space Race.

Joseph McCarthy

This man started "witch hunts" in America, ruining the lives of many with false accusations.

Yalta

It allowed Stalin to keep the territory his troops had recovered during WWII.

Iron Curtain

Churchill's name for a division between eastern and western Europe (metaphor).

satellite nations

Nations controlled politically or economically by a more powerful nation.

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Warsaw Pact

Stalin's response to NATO

red scare

fear of communism

Berlin Airlift

Planes flew in supplies to Western Berlin for over a year to keep it democratic and free.

proxy war

US and USSR fighting over ideologies in a third country.

NASA

Formed to create satellites and missiles to compete with the USSR after Sputnik.

Gary Powers

Pilot of a US spy plane that crashed in the USSR.

Interstate Highway Act

Paid for a $250 million highway system in the 1950s.

suburbs

Developed because of the need for space, automobiles, and A

Rosenbergs

American citizens found guilty of espionage and executed for it.

Neil Armstrong

First man to walk on the moon.

Chiang Kai

was a Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary, and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China from 1928 to his death in 1975

Operation Mongoose

US plan to destroy Cube economically and assassinate Castro.

EXCom

Advisory committee organized by JFK during the cuban missile crisis.

Kim Il Sung

Leader of North Korea during the Korean War.

Douglas MacArthur

General who challenged Truman's authority during the Korean War; he was fired.

"race music"

Refers to music by black artists in the 1950s; early rock n' roll.

"limited war"

US strategy in Korea; we didn;t use all our resources (nuclear weapons).

DMZ zone

"No Man's Land" along the 38th parallel, separates North and South Korea

Gail Halvorsen

Pilot who dropped candy to the children of Berlin during the airlift.

1963 Limited NuclearTest Ban Treaty

JFK and Khrushchev agreed to ban testing nuclear weapons in the air, space and underwater.

"Duck and Cover"

Bert the turtle's advice to children on what to do if attacked by an atomic bomb.

superpower

A nation with the ability to influence economic and political events around the world is called this.

Levittown

These homes were mass produced utilizing building strategies used in WWII.

GI bill

For returning soldiers this provided Federal funds for education, businesses and new homes.

Mao Zedong

This person led a successful communist revolution in China in 1949.

Syngman Rhee

This South Korean leader was an ally of the US during the Korean War.

Sputnik

The successful launch of this satellite put fear in the hearts of Americans and started the Space Race.

Joseph McCarthy

This man started "witch hunts" in America, ruining the lives of many with false accusations.

A

bomb effect on 1950s

red scare

fear of communism

proxy war

US and USSR fighting over ideologies in a third country.

NASA

Formed to create satellites and missiles to compete with the USSR after Sputnik.

Gary Powers

Pilot of a US spy plane that crashed in the USSR.

Interstate Highway Act

Paid for a $250 million highway system in the 1950s.

suburbs

Developed because of the need for space, automobiles, and A

automobile

Everyone could afford one, diners and drive

HUAC

The House Committee on Un-American Activities (They looked out for the communist "hiding”

Rosenbergs

American citizens found guilty of espionage and executed for it.

Fulgencio Batista

Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected president of Cuba from 1940 to 1944

Operation Mongoose

US plan to destroy Cube economically and assassinate Castro.

Kim Il Sung

Leader of North Korea during the Korean War.

Douglas MacArthur

General who challenged Truman's authority during the Korean War; he was fired.

"race music"

Refers to music by black artists in the 1950s; early rock n' roll.

"limited war"

US strategy in Korea; we didn;t use all our resources (nuclear weapons).

Gail Halvorsen

Pilot who dropped candy to the children of Berlin during the airlift.

1963 Limited NuclearTest Ban Treaty

JFK and Khrushchev agreed to ban testing nuclear weapons in the air, space and underwater.

"Duck and Cover"

Bert the turtle's advice to children on what to do if attacked by an atomic bomb.

The 38th Parallel

The latitude line that marked the border between North and South Korea

Iron Curtain

a political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eatern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region

Arms Race

a competition between nations to have the most powerful armaments

Bamboo Curtain

an ideological barrier around communist China especially in the 1950s and 1960s

Domino Theory

the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control