Medications

Heparin

An anticoagulant that enhances antithrombin III, used for ACS, DVT/PE.

Warfarin

An oral vitamin K antagonist that inhibits factors II, VII, IX, X. Used for long-term AF and mechanical valves.

Dabigatran

A direct thrombin inhibitor used for stroke prevention in AF and DVT/PE.

Rivaroxaban

An oral factor Xa inhibitor used for AF and DVT/PE prevention.

Enoxaparin

A low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) used for DVT prophylaxis and bridging.

Aspirin

A COX-1 inhibitor that irreversibly inhibits platelet aggregation, used for ACS and stroke prevention.

Clopidogrel

An ADP receptor (P2Y12) blocker used for dual antiplatelet therapy and stroke prevention.

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP)

A potent vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies.

Beta-blockers

Medication like Metoprolol used for rate control in AF and hypertension.

Hydralazine

A direct arterial vasodilator used for severe hypertension and during pregnancy.

Clonidine

An alpha-2 agonist used for resistant hypertension and sedation.

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

An alpha plus beta agonist used for cardiac arrest and anaphylaxis.

Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine)

Mainly an alpha-1 agonist used for septic shock.

Dobutamine

A beta-1 agonist used for cardiogenic shock and heart failure.

Amiodarone

A Class III antiarrhythmic that blocks potassium channels used for VT, VF, AF.

Lignocaine (Lidocaine)

A Class Ib antiarrhythmic that blocks sodium channels used for ventricular arrhythmias.

Adenosine

Medication that slows AV node conduction, used for SVT.

IV Nitrates (e.g., GTN)

Used for ACS, hypertensive crisis, and heart failure.

Sublingual GTN

Used for acute angina with a rapid onset.

Atorvastatin

A lipid-lowering agent used for preventing atherosclerotic events.

Simvastatin

An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used post-MI to lower cholesterol.

Atropine

A muscarinic antagonist used for bradycardia and to reduce secretions.

Glycopyrrolate

An anticholinergic used for reversal of neuromuscular blockade.

Furosemide

A loop diuretic used for pulmonary edema and heart failure.

Magnesium

Used for Torsades and eclampsia.

Digoxin

A cardiac glycoside used for atrial fibrillation with heart failure.