Biology Final

Nucleus

Largest organelle contains DNA and carries genetic instructions for the development, function, growth and reproduction of our cells, 

Nucleolus

A subspace within the nucleus that is concerned with producing and assembling the cell's ribosomes and ribosomal RNA

Rough ER

Many ribosomes are on its outer surface (makes proteins)

Smooth ER

Have no ribosomes attached to their surfaces (make lipids)

Golgi complex

Consists of a stack of flattened membranous sacs (cisternae), processes and packages proteins and lipids, sorting them for transport to different parts inside and outside the cell

Secretory vesicle

Proteins to be secreted from the cell are transported to the membrane in ___ which releases their contents to the exterior by exocytosis

Ribosomes

Composed of proteins and RNA, in about equivalent amounts

Mitochondria

Organelles responsible for energy production through cellular respiration

Trans face

The side of the Golgi apparatus where modified proteins and lipids are packaged into vesicles for transport to other parts of the cell

Cis face

The side of the Golgi apparatus where proteins and lipids enter from the ER for further modification

Transport vesicle

Small membrane-bound sacs that carry materials between different parts of the cell or cell membrane

Lysosomes

Organelles tat contain digestive enzymes to break down waste, damaged organelles, and foreign substances.

Cristae

The folded inner membrane of the mitochondria, where ATP production occurs

Matrix

The gel-like substance inside the mitochondria, surrounding the cristae, contains enzymes for cellular respiration

Lumen

The interior space of a membrane-bound organelle, such as the ER or Golgi complex, where the processing or storage of molecules occurs

DNA replication

DNA replicates semiconservatively as strand separate and serve as templates, forming two molecules, each with one old and one new strand.

Adenine - thymine

in DNA, adenine pairs with thymine, they form 2 hydrogen bonds

Cystine - guanine

In both DNA and RNA cytosine pairs with guanine by forming three hydrogen bonds