Foundations 2-18 Gerantology

reminenscence therapy

reflecting on identity and past

older adults

over 65, 65-74, 75-84, over 85

lifespan of an individual globally vs US

71.5 vs 77

integumentary changes

skin loses resilence and moistere— loses elasticity and reduced collagen stimulation = thin skin and weakened muscle tissue

thorax and lungs

gastrointestinal system

reporductive changes / hormonal changes

heart

decreased contractile

which lobes of the cerebrum are likely to be affected in a patient with loss of voluntary motot function following a head injury

frontal

cranial nerves

I olfactory (smell)

II optic (vision)

III oculomotor (motor and parasympathetic nerve controls eye movement, pupil constriction, eyelid etc)

IV trochlear nerve (motor nerve for superior oblique muscle downward and inward eye movement)

V trigeminal (facial sensation and chewing muscles)

VI abducens (motor nerve controling lateral rectus muscle for outward eye movement)

VII facial (mixed, facial expressions and taste)

VIII vestibulocochlear (hearing and balance)

IX glossopharyngeal nerve (mixed, swallowing, saliva production, taste)

X vagus (mixed, HR, digestion, visceral sensations in chest and abdomen)

XI accessory nerve (motor nerve controlling neck and shoulder muscles like sternocleidomastoid and trapezius)

XII hypoglossal nerve (tounge movements )

smell

I OLFACTORY

vision cranial nerve

ii optic

cranial motor nerve for eye movement, pupil constrictiion, eyelid

iii oculomotor

cranial motor nerve for superior oblique muscle, down and in movement

iv trochlear

cranial nerve for facial sensation and chewing muscles

v trigeminal

cranial motor nerve controlling lateral rectus muscle for outward eye movement

vi abducens

mixed cranial nerve for facial expression and taste

vii facial

cranial nerve for hearing and balance

viii vestibulocochlear

mixed cranial nerve for swallowing, saliva, taste

ix glossopharyngeal

mixed cranial nerve for HR, digestion, visceral sesnations in chest and abdomen

x vagus

cranial motor nerve controlling neck and shoulder muscles

xi accessory nerve

cranial nerve controlling tounge movements

xii hypoglossal

myopia

nearsighteness, caused by cornea too curved or eyeball too long in the back

how to determine the spatial perception of a patient

conducting the mini-mental state examination

Broca’s aphasia

communication disorder caused by damage to the frontal lobe

difficulty producing writing or speaking, short phrases missing words

Alzheimer disease

neurofibrillary tangles clog the nerve cells of the brain

progressive, causes dementia

macular degeneration

blurred vision loss of central vision

which brain lobe analyzes and responds to somatic sensory input from the body

parietal

presbycusis

gradual age related hearing loss

receptive/wernicke aphasia

can hear expressed words but is unable to comprehend

glaucoma

eye disease that damage the optic nerve with high fluid pressure

can lead to permanent vision loss