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Why is perception referred to as an active process where as sensation is referred to as a passive process.
Perception although a immediate process requires multiple steps and the using of past experience and knowledge to formulate an understanding of stimulus therefore considered active.
Sensation however is an passive process as it is the process of sensory organs passively detecting stimuli.
in what order does light pass in order to reach the brain?
cornea → aqueous humor → iris → pupil → lens → vitreous humor → retina → optical nerve → occipital lobe
what is a receptive field? give an example.
The range of detectable stimuli, eg/ field of visible light
Name all binocular depth cues in alphabetical order
convergence, retinal disparity
name all monocular depth cues in alphabetical order
accommodation, interposition, linear perspective, parallel lines, relative size, height in visual field, texture gradient
Which monocular depth cue is not considered a pictorial cue and why
Accommodation, because it is the brain’s measurement of the elongation or bulging of the lens rather than using visual context to understand visual image.
At what distance is there no difference in retinal disparity
10 m +
At what distance do the eyes no longer converge?
6 m
Why would it be hard to judge the distance of objects when there is no flat ground or leading lines
Because of the lack of ability to use most monocular/pictorial cues.
what conditions do objects have to meet for the depth cue of relative size to work
viewer has to already have an expectation of the size of the object (through past experience)
objects must all be roughly the same size in reality
When does camouflage occur?
when figure and ground are similar in colour and pattern
Why is perceptual set also referred to as ‘expectancy"‘
Also called expectancy because of multiple psychological or social factors that create an ‘expectancy’ to perceive something in a way.
When is perceptual set useful
What experiment is an example of the perceptual set of context? how so?
Burner and Minturn 1955
two groups shown two separate sets of visual images
one group was shown a series of numbers while the other shown letters
both groups were flashed the visual stimulus I3
Group A which was shown letters perceived it as B whilst group B which was shown numbers perceived it as 13.
demonstrates how perception is influence by current environment or setting.
how do Biopsychosocial perspectives play a role in the Muller-Lyer illusion
Bio → convergence, line with arrowheads make eyes turn inwards where as
Are the sensory system’s of someone with Agnosia limited?
No, all sensory systems are fully functioning.
What percent of the population of brain damaged patients have visual agnosia
1%
what systems can agnosia affect
difference between perceiving and recognising
