Cloud Adoption & Enterprise Architecture Flashcards

Four reasons why cloud is not like the internet

1. Resource pooling - efficiently managing and allocating resources to meet number of users

2. Greater elasticity - rapid adjustment of resources used based on requirement changes

3. Access to different networks

4. Measured service for pay-as-you-go

What are the four different cloud models that fit different requirements

1. Public Cloud - services made available to a large industry or the general public.

2. Private Cloud - Serves one organisation, whether locally or remotely based; useful for strict security specifications.

3. Community Cloud - A specific community with common requirements shares infrastructure. E.g finance or pharmaceuticals.

4. Hybrid Cloud - Two or more clouds (private, community or public) that remain individual but work across and share resources.

Examples of cloud (as a) service models

1. SaaS (Software as a Service) - Provision of apps for users to carry out tasks.

2. PaaS (Platform as a Service) - Provision of a set of tools that users can use to program and develop applications.

3. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) - Provision of hardware on which users can store data and run applications.

4. XaaS (Anything / Everything as a Service) - an increasing number of services that are open-source and delivered over the internet.

Examples of SaaS models

1. Customer Relationship Management models

2. Enterprise Resource Planning Models

3. Financial tools

4. Industry applications

5. Collaborative applications

Examples of PaaS models

1. Middleware - allow applications to communicate and transfer data.

2. Databases

3. Java, Python, C++

4. IDEs

Examples of IaaS models

1. Servers

2. Networks / networking

3. Storage hardware

4. Datacentres / buildings

What is Enterprise Architecture

The properties of a system: its elements, relationships and principles within both design and evolution.

It creates a holistic view of each part of the enterprise and how they work together in the business.

What generates through rush to reach the implementation phase

Solutions Engineering - the process of solving a client problem (technology based).

How does Enterprise Architecture help balance against the rush to reach the implementation phase

It allows for the necessary planning to take place in order to balance against the rush to reach implementation

What is an initiative

A unit of planned transformation

Enterprise Architecture Purposes

1. Understand and represent how the enterprise works.

2. Store knowledge and data for later use.

3. Rationalise and secure information.

4. Analyse parts of the enterprise (economic, organisational or qualitative)

5. Redesign parts of the enterprise (functional, behavioural, structural or organisational)

6. Simulate enterprise behaviour

7. Make better decisions on parts of enterprise

8. Control, coordinate and monitor some parts of enterprise

What are three strategies to initiate transformation in an enterprise

1. Business initiatives

2. Technology initiatives

3. DOTMLPF (Doctrine, Organisation, Training, Material, Leadership & Education, Personnel and Facilities) changes

   Dream Of Transforming Me Like Project Fellaini

Seven aspects of Enterprise Architecture

1. Strategy

2. Business / Operational

3. System / Apps / Services

4. Infrastructure

5. Technology

6. Data and Information

7. Security

Name two Taxonomy / Ontology (categorising / defining) based Enterprise Architecture Frameworks (EAFs)

1. Zachman framework: model a large organisation while managing business change.

2. DM2 / DoDAF (Department of Defence Architecture Framework) by the IDEAS (International Defence Architecture Specification) Group

What is the Zachman framework

The Zachman Framework is a two-dimensional classification ontological method to define a large organisation’s enterprise in a structured way.

What is DM2 / DoDAF (Department of Defence Architecture Framework) by the IDEAS (International Defence Architecture Specification) Group

The DM2 is an IDEAS ontological approach to structuring and sharing architectural information, allowing collaboration and interoperability of defence enterprises.

Name two process based Enterprise Architecture Frameworks (EAFs)

1. TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) ADM (Architecture Development Method): model smaller organisations with fewer parts and stakeholders.

2. EAP (Enterprise Architecture Planning) - designing and managing EA

Name two hybrid based Enterprise Architecture Frameworks (EAFs)

1. FEAF (Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework) - US federal government

2. DoDAF (Department of Defence Architecture Framework) / NAF (Nato Architecture Framework) / Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF)

Three characteristics of TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework)

1. Very detailed

2. Iterative

3. Re-use oriented

What is the TOGAF framework

The Open Group Architecture Framework TOGAF - describes the detailed process for EA in smaller organisations.

What is the Zachman framework

Zachman - lists all the processes for different purposes in large organisations.

What is the EA³ Cube framework

EA³ Cube - focuses on smooth flow of information for making decisions.

What is the DoDAF framework

DoDAF - Department of Defence Architecture Framework filters enterprise data into manageable chunks and defines the architecture of the defence entity.

What is the NAF (successor of MODAF) framework

NATO Architecture Framework (NAF - successor of Ministry Of Defence Architecture Framework MODAF) - a standard for EA for cost-effective solutions.

What is the four part model for identifying components in EA

1. Core Business Processes

2. Key customers

3. Key linking technologies

4. Shared Data

What are core business processes

The minimum set of company tasks that must be completed for base-level success according to company policies.

What is shared data and how does it drive core processes

Data that is used across the company. It drives core processes as it suitable for basic tasks, such as customer records, product codes, supplier orders and test results, that are used everywhere by the company.

What are “key linking and automation technologies”

Systems to allow communication with users, suppliers and other parts of the company, such as middleware, portals and interfaces.

What are “key customers”

The main target customers and their groups or channels

Factors that drive the approach to Information Systems

1. Development in technology

2. Mitigating risks in the business

3. Reducing business costs

4. Redundancy of tools

Factors that drive the approach to Business

1. Competing in the field

2. Meeting changes of legislation

3. Reducing business costs

4. Meeting business goals

What three viewpoints must be considered when developing Enterprise Architecture

1. Business viewpoint

2. Technology viewpoint

3. Information viewpoint

Give five examples of (Information) Service-Oriented viewpoints for Enterprise Architecture

1. Focusing on services NOT hardware, applications or devices

2. Recognising interdependencies between services

3. Researching what services are available

4. What aspects are flexible for changing goals (business and technological).

5. Protecting from risks: failure or attack.

What is a RESTful services

RESTful services are Representational State Transfer services such as Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) for XML messaging or Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for web methods like GET and POST.

Who are two commercial brands who produce their own models for Enterprise Architecture as opposed to TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework)

1. Oracle

2. IBM