Lab 1 Quiz Study Guide

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54 Terms

1

Pulmonary Ventilation

Movement of air into/out of lungs

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2

Air flow is directly/indirectly proportional to pressure difference

directly

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3

Air flow is directly/indirectly proportional to frictional resistance to flow

indirectly

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4

Pressure difference sin the pulmonary system are induced by…

lung volume changes

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5

Pressure Difference

Difference between atm/IP pressure

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6

greater pressure difference the greater the…

pressure gradient

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7

atmospheric pressure → intrapulmonary pressure →

air moves into lungs

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8

intrapulmonary pressure → atmospheric pressure →

air moves into atmosphere

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9

Boyle’s law posits that…

volume and pressure are inversely related

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10

inspiration

active process caused by changes in thoracic volume

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11

during inspiration…

diaphragm _____ and moves ______ lowering the

contracts, lower, thoracic floor

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12

external intercostals ___ and ___- the ribs and sternum ______

contract, lift, up & out

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13

during inspiration, thoracic volume _____- so IP pressure

increases, drops

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14

ATM air rushes in down pressure gradient to equilibrate the gradient until…

IP = ATM

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15

What muscle is not apart of inspiration?

Trapezius

Scalenes

Sternocleiodmastoid

Pectoralis Minor

Pectoralis major

Pec major

Trapezius

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16

Expiration

passive process at rest caused by thoracic volume changes

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17

During expiration, what happens to inspiratory muscles?

diaphrgram/ext intercostals

relax & recoil elevating thoracic floor returning ribs/sternum to original positions

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18

during expiration, Tvol and IP…

Thoracic volume decreases so IP increases

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19

During expiration, pulmonary air is forced down pressure gradient to…

equilibrate the gradient

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20

Lung Compliance

lung stretchability

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21

the lung must be able to expand when ATM pressure > IP pressure

T

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22

elasticity

lungs’ ability to return to original size after distention

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23

the lung must be able to recoil when…

IP > ATM P

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24

Surface tension

exerted by alveolar fluid

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25

If ST is too high, the lungs will

collapse and/or resist expansionairf

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26

airflow is directly ppt to resistance

false, inversely

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27

bronchiole diameter inversely affects resistance within

the airway

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28

parasympathetic stimulation/histamine released can cause bronchodilation

F, bronchoconstriction

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29

Sympathetic stimulation causes

bronchiole dilation

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30

Increase PCO2/ or decrease PO2/pH → stem inspiration centers →

force & frequency of inspiratory

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31

the central chemoreceptors are _____ monitoring CSF

medulla oblongata

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32

the peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the _______ and monitor arterial blood

aortic arch, carotid bodies

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33

CO2 + H2O ← → H2CO3 ← → H+ HCO3-

More H+ less pH

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34

Pulmonary minute ventilation (VE/MV) must increase during exercise due to increased demand for O2 and increased need to deliver CO2 to lungs

T

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35

obstructive respiratory diseases

emphysema, asthma, COPD, bronchitis

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36

restrictive respiratory diseases

pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary vascular disease

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37

Tidal volume

Volume of air inhaled/exhaled with each breath

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38

RR

number of respirations/minute

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39

PMV

Vol of air breathed/min

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40

Vital Capacity

Vol of air that can be expelled after maximal expiration

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41

TLC

Vol of air in lungs at end of maximal inspiraiton

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42

ATPS

the volume of ambient air is @ lab temp and pressure and is saturated with water vapor

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43

Respiration

Oxidate phosphorylation (H+/e- exchange in ETC)

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44

Internal Resp

O2 utilization and CO2 prod by tissues

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45

Airflow formula

P1-P2/Resistance

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46

70% lung expansion due to…

anterior-posterior enlargement

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47

30% of lung expansion due to

descending diaphragm

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48

spirometry

measurement of pulmonary volumes/rates of expired airflow (diagnose lung disease)

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49

obstructive disorder result

reduced rate of air movement

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50

restrictive disorder result

less increase in thoracic volume during inspiration

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51

primary factor of obstructive disorders

narrowed airways, increased resistance

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52

primary factor of restrictive. disorders

decreased lung compliance (resistance to expansion)

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